The present article gives a general overview of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). There are several diseases that can often transmit through sexual routes. Some other routes are also responsible for the spread of the infections. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), some most common STDs having a very high impact on developing and developed countries are AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome); Hepatitis B; HPV (Human Papillomavirus infection); Candidiasis; Syphilis; Genital Herpes; Chlamydia; Gonorrhea; Trichomoniasis. Therefore, in this article, we discuss these STDs from theoretical as well as mathematical points of view. We found some shortages and some important ideas for the mathematical modeling of these STDs.

HIV, AIDS, STDs, AVERT, Mathematical modeling

In mathematical epidemiology, understanding the influence of information on people's behavior during disease outbreaks and incorporating it into models is crucial. HIV/AIDS models should include strategies like PrEP, PEP, education, counseling, and premarital HIV testing. Similarly, for Hepatitis B, models need to consider intracellular processes and immune response. Preventive measures beyond vaccination, such as condom use and awareness campaigns, should be included in HPV models. Mathematical models for candidiasis, syphilis, and co-infections require development, along with incorporating outcomes like HSV-1, neonatal herpes, and HIV. Models accounting for sexual activity, age-related infection rates, and time delay can enhance transmission dynamics understanding. Co-infection models for gonorrhea and trichomoniasis are needed to address infertility and PID severity.

Prakash Narayan, Kunwer Singh Mathur, Bhagwan Kumar and Rashmi Mathur (2023). A General Review of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) in Theoretical and Mathematical Modeling Aspects. International Journal on Emerging Technologies, 14(1): 42–51.