The target of this research work is to find out the best suitable material for the piston of an internal combustion engine. In this work, the main challenge is to find out the suitable material for piston which can withstand high thermal and structural stresses and also it should be of minimum weight. For this, we have uses four different alloys of aluminium, namely AlSi, AlMgSi, AlSiC12 and Al6061 have been selected for analysis. The piston has been designed in Solidworks 2021 and then imported that model of piston in ANSYS 14.5 software to perform Static Structural and Steady State Thermal analysis of the piston. For structural analysis, pressure of 6.5 MPa has been applied assuming frictionless supports on its outer surface and the temperature of about 800⁰C on the crown of the piston is assumed for thermal analysis, applying convection in all surfaces of the piston. Final results are like that, the AlSi and AlSiC12 are best suitable materials for the piston in terms of Structural and thermal stresses.

Piston, Total deformation, Equivalent stress, Total heat flux, Temperature distribution, Solidworks, ANSYS 14.5

To get the minimum value of stress concentration and deformation, the crown of the piston must have enough stiffness. In the static structural analysis module, the piston is analysed to get the equivalent (von-mises) stress, total deformation under the high-pressure mechanical loads. — The piston shows the least deformation in AlSi which is equal to 1.937e-5m so it is the good material in terms of deformation. — But in terms of equivalent von- mises stress, the AlSiC12 shows the least value of about 1.2099e8Pa. Therefore, it is the best material which shows minimum equivalent von- mises stress. In Steady state thermal analysis, the piston was analysed to observe the temperature distribution and the total heat flux under the high temperature. — The piston shows the best thermal properties in AlSiC12 because in terms of temperature distribution, it shows a minimum temperature of 304.07oC and it also shows the minimum value of heat flux which is 3.2823e6 W/m2. Hence, the overall conclusion is that in terms of structural properties, the best material for a piston is AlSi and in terms of thermal properties, the best material is AlSiC12.

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Anand Vishwakarma, Abhinav Prajapati, Ankush Singh and Amol A. Talankar (2023). Structural & Thermal Analysis of V6 Engine’s Piston for Different Alloys of Aluminium. International Journal on Emerging Technologies, 14(2): 53–56.