A Comprehensive Review of Helicoverpa armigera: Current status, Ecology and Management Approaches

Author: Geeta Devi, Lomash Kumar, Pooja Kumari, Pankaj Kumar and Kaushik Kumar Das

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Abstract

Helicoverpa armigera is a major pest affecting both agricultural and horticultural crops across the globe. With a host range of over 100 cultivated and wild plants, its status as a significant pest is largely attributed to its polyphagous nature, high mobility, diapause capability and high fertility rate. The larvae can enter diapause to survive unfavourable climatic conditions, further complicating management efforts. H. armigera is widespread across majority of Asia, southern Europe, Oceania, Africa and South America. Management of H. armigera traditionally involves the use of synthetic insecticides, microbial insecticides, biocontrol agents (including both parasitoids and predators) and genetically modified crops like Bt cotton. However, the extensive use of chemical insecticides has led to the development of resistance in H. armigera populations, reducing the effectiveness of many conventional pesticides. Increasing resistance against existing pesticides directs the urgent need for utilizing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, which are less dependent on traditional pesticides and manage the populations of pest below the economic threshold level (ETL). This review aims to highlight the significance of continued research and the adoption of modern approaches to effectively manage H. armigera populations and reduce crop losses

Keywords

American bollworm, Polyphagous, Biology, IPM, Pesticides

Conclusion

Helicoverpa armigera, a globally significant insect pest, is currently responsible for agricultural crop losses amounting to billions of dollars annually. Despite past successes with synthetic pesticides and genetically modified crops, such as Bt cotton, the development of resistance to these control measures has reintroduced significant challenges to the agricultural sector worldwide. To manage H. armigera effectively in the future, a comprehensive Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategy is essential. This approach should integrate biological, chemical, and physical control techniques to address the pest's complex behavior and resistance issues. In developing countries, such as India, where H. armigera poses a severe threat to agriculture, there is a critical need for further research. This research should focus on developing and optimizing IPM strategies tailored to local conditions, improving pest monitoring and forecasting and exploring alternative control methods. By advancing these areas, we can enhance the efficacy of pest management efforts and reduce the economic impact of H. armigera on global agriculture

References

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How to cite this article

Geeta Devi, Lomash Kumar, Pooja Kumari, Pankaj Kumar and Kaushik Kumar Das (2024). A Comprehensive Review of Helicoverpa armigera: Current status, Ecology and Management Approaches. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(10): 153-161