Inflammation is a prominent pathogenic reaction in a number of disorders, and controlling the pro-inflammatory mediator in play is critical for effective treatment. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory activities of Euphorbia hirta methanolic extract using several in vitro and in vivo assays. We examined the Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), the extract's ability to regulate inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β was assessed. To evaluate the extract's impact on important inflammatory pathways, it was also measured how much Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was produced. The Griess reagent test was used to evaluate the NO determination because it expresses the quantity of RNS that strongly contributes to inflammation. In addition, the carrageenan-induced paw oedema paradigm in rats, a proven model for acute inflammation, was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of E. hirta methanolic extract. significantly and dose-dependently reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Significant inhibitions of PGE2 and nitric oxide were also observed, indicating that it may have a role in reducing inflammation via a variety of mechanisms. The extract supported its anti-inflammatory capabilities by dramatically reducing paw swelling in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema. Euphorbia hirta methanolic methanol extract has been shown to have therapeutic potential as a natural anti-inflammatory drug that can modulate important inflammatory mediators. It is necessary to conduct more research on molecular mechanisms and clinical uses in order to clarify its pharmacological importance.

Immunosorbent assays, Carrageenan-induced paw, Euphorbia hirta

The current study the anti-inflammatory capabilities of EhME extract have been verified by in vivo research. The study discovered that the crude methanol extract of E. hirta leaves showed strong anti-inflammatory capabilities and a higher polyphenolic content, which may account for EhME's anti-inflammatory benefits. The traditional use of Euphorbia hirta L. is supported by in vitro anti-inflammatory experiments on RAW246.7 macrophages, which indicated that EhME reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. To summarize, the in results are encouraging for future biological and phytochemical studies aimed at isolating and identifying the active principles of Euphorbia hirta L, which could provide scientific evidence for its widespread use and contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies against inflammatory disorders.

Sengodan Kalaivani, Somannan Jayanthi, Kannan Revathi and Rajamanickam Chandrasekaran (2025). A Natural Modulator pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) and NO inhibitors identified from Euphorbia hirta Methanol Extract using through in vivo studies. Biological Forum, 17(10): 52-59.