A Review on Biocontrol mechanisms of Pseudomonas spp.

Author: Prashanth Kumar A., Nikhil B.S.K., Ashwin Kumar B. and Gajanand P.

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Abstract

The improper use of chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides cause incredible damage to the environment and ecosystems, as well as to the human body. Instead of these dangerous agrochemicals, a biological solution can be offered in the form of microorganisms that promote plant growth without significantly harming the environment. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which suppress or prevent phytopathogenic damage is one of the biological approaches to control various phytopathogenic pathogens. Pseudomonas PGPR are the best characterized bio controlling PGPRs. Because they are abundant in natural soils, plant roots and are able to utilize many plant exudates as nutrients. In addition to their ability to adhere to soil particles and rhizoplanes, fluorescent pseudomonads are capable of motility, prototrophy, synthesis of antibiotics and production of hydrolytic enzymes, which contribute to bacterial fitness. Moreover, Pseudomonas possesses plant growth-promoting traits such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, iron chelation and phytohormone production. By analyzing rhizosphere competence and biocontrol traits, novel tools may be developed for managing indigenous and inoculated P. fluorescens biocontrol agents. For sustainable agriculture, this will also improve their plant-beneficial properties. This multidimensional utility makes fluorescent Pseudomonas an ideal bioagent for agricultural use.

Keywords

Pseudomonas PGPR, agrochemicals, antibiotics, hydrolytic enzymes and Phytohormones

Conclusion

Despite being applied to their target niche, biocontrol agents still need support in order to succeed. For biological control to be effective, the biocontrol agent must not only be of high quality, but also established in the natural environment so it can thrive and compete effectively with pathogens. In addition to ensuring persistence in the field and compatibility with chemical and biological seed treatments, better formulations are a key focus. Future bioagents using P. fluorescens will have a very high cost-benefit ratio. Based on this, the first assumption is to isolate P. fluorescens from the rhizosphere of a wide variety of field crops which exhibit enhanced antagonistic activity against soil-borne fungal pathogens in native environments, and then determine whether selected bacteria can suppress soil-borne fungal pathogens in vitro.

References

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How to cite this article

Prashanth Kumar A., Nikhil B.S.K., Ashwin Kumar B. and Gajanand P. (2023). A Review on Biocontrol mechanisms of Pseudomonas spp.. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(8a): 28-34.