Acute Toxicity Study of Alpha-Amanitin in Wistar Albino Rat

Author: Debbarma K., Sarma J., Baruah H., Kafle A., Rahman F., Dutta B., Nath R., Shüya P., Patir T. and Bhuyan U.

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Abstract

The present study was designed to determine the acute oral toxicity of Alpha-amanitin (α-amanitin) in Wistar albino rats. Acute oral toxicity study was carried out to estimate median lethal dose (LD50) of α-amanitin. LD50 is the dose of a chemical, calculated as per the concentration of chemicals that produce death in 50% of a population of test animals to which it is administered by any of a variety of methods. A single oral dose of α-amanitin were dissolved in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and administered orally at a concentration of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/kg body weight to experimental animals. LD50 was calculated according to the method described by Miller and Tainter (1944) and was observed as 0.2 mg/kg body weight. Single dose of α-amanitin at 0.05 mg/kg body weight did not reveal any toxic signs or behavioral alterations, hence considered as No Observed Adverse Effect level (NOAEL). Histopathology of liver tissue showed morphological abnormalities such as multiple focal necrosis, fragmentation of nuclear materials, fatty changes characterized by focal accumulation of fat droplets and distortion of hepatic cord with necrosis.

Keywords

Alpha-amanitin, Median lethal dose, No observed adverse effect level, Histopathology, Necrosis, Fragmentation

Conclusion

The strong point of our study was the intoxication model (Wistar albino rat), in which there was no death after oral dosing of α-amanitin at 0.05 mg/kg body weight. We obtained the results from all animals, so there was no data loss. The oral LD50 of α-amanitin is calculated as 0.2 mg/kg body weight in Wistar albino rat. The pathology results of our study showed the presence of hepatic damage in in vivo rat intoxication model. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ingested α-amanitin orally may differ from that of intraperitoneal α-amanitin injected. An animal model may not represent the same oral median lethal dose (LD50) with that of human beings.

References

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How to cite this article

Debbarma K., Sarma J., Baruah H., Kafle A., Rahman F., Dutta B., Nath R., Shüya P., Patir T. and Bhuyan U. (2023). Acute Toxicity Study of Alpha-Amanitin in Wistar Albino Rat. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(10): 898-901.