Alkaline Protease Production by Bacillus sp. using Fortified Crude Dairy Effluent

Author: Dubey S.K. and Parihar R.

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Abstract

Proteases are widely used in detergent manufacturing, leather processing units, food processing sectors, meat tenderization, and proteinaceous waste treatment. Several attempts have been made consistently to utilize low-cost or waste as a substrate for microbial protease production. Obediently, the purpose of the present research work was focused on the characterization of protease production efficacy of Bacillus strains isolated from dairy and bakery waste. A total of 23 bacterial strains were isolated from the waste of local dairy and bakery shops of Bilaspur city situated at 22.09°N 82.15°E geographical location. Among them, the Bacillus subtilis PPB3 exhibited maximum protease activity of 42.47 ±0.42 U mL-1. Later, Bacillus subtilis PPB3 was optimized in fortified dairy effluent and achieved maximum protease activity of 54.41 ±0.37 U mL-1 (relative protease activity - 128.11 ±0.39 %) at pH-8.0, temperature 40°C, and 120 rpm after 72 h of the incubation period. The Vmax and Km of PPB-3 (Bacillus subtilis-3) derived protease were calculated 66.66 U mg-1 protein and 1.73 mg casein mL-1 respectively. The optimum utilization of dairy waste effluent (DWE) offers a cost-effective substrate for value-added product synthesis like protease and at the same time could be able to reduce the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of DWE before discharging it to either for waste effluent treatment unit or other in-house utilities. However, a specialized automatic system needs to be incorporated for the synthesis of proteases from waste dairy effluent using bacteria.

Keywords

Proteases, Bacillus subtilis, protease activity, enzyme kinetics, dairy waste effluent

Conclusion

Lots of emphasis have been made to minimize the cost of protease production in earlier literature. Hence, the present work was focused on protease production by fortified dairy effluent. The PPB-3 (Bacillus subtilis-3) was found to be significant for protease production and further, its protease kinetics optimized in fortified dairy effluent. The production of protease from dairy effluent reflects the significant utilization of dairy waste effluent. Similar industrial wastes i.e., bakery, food processing unit, and so forth, were further evaluated for a variety of enzyme production to meet the demand of the global enzyme market in the near future.

References

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How to cite this article

Dubey S.K. and Parihar R. (2023). Alkaline Protease Production by Bacillus Sp. using Fortified Crude Dairy Effluent. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(5): 1523-1529.