Allelopathic effects of Boerhavia difussa L. aqueous extracts on Soybean (Glycine max L.) Seed Germination, Shoot and Root Growth and Dry Matter Production

Author: Nikam S.R., Namdas D.D. and Padale T.R.

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Abstract

Allelopathy is the production of chemical compounds by one plant to interfere with the growth and development of another plant. Allelochemicals often stimulate or restrict plant growth and have been proposed as a viable medication development technique for ecologically friendly biological weedicides. The discovery of plant materials with plentiful sources, affordable prices, and pronounced allelopathic effects will undoubtedly have significant ecological effects as the biological weedicide. Under laboratory conditions, soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds were treated with aqueous extracts of Boerhavia L. at concentrations of 5, 10, and 15% (w/v) to determine their effects on germination rate, percentage of germination, seedling growth (shoot and root length), and dry matter production. The treatments were setup in a three-replication factorial arrangement with a completely randomized design. The test was carried out on January 25, 2023. Results showed a difference between plant parts, concentration levels, and their interaction for the aforementioned parameters that was significantly different (P<0.05). At doses of 5,10, and 15%, aqueous extracts of all parts completely prevented plant germination. Aqueous extracts from weed plant, in contrast, had a smaller impact at 5% concentrations while having a much greater impact at higher concentrations on crop germination and growth. Crop roots were more susceptible to the effects of allelopathy than crop shoots. It is advised that an integrated weed management strategy be created and used to remove weeds from soybean fields in order to prevent poor seed germination and seedling growth and guarantee the crops long-term viability. B. difussa was found to be an allelopathic weed with water soluble allelochemicals in its plant parts and had such phytotoxic potency that could suppress the growth and nutrient accumulation of associated crop plants.

Keywords

Aqueous extract, weed, allelopathy, germination, Sangli district

Conclusion

A liquid extract reduced soybean seed germination occurs at 5% and 15% concentrations, while maximum germination occurs at 10%. The results of the current investigation demonstrate that Boerhavia difussa L. has the ability to be allelopathic to Glycine max L. The different phyto-toxic chemicals found in plant extracts are primarily responsible for the allelopathic action of the extracts, which may alone or collectively contribute to the plant growth regulating impact. Additional research is essentially necessary to a pinpoint the extracts' active ingredients that are in charge of this activity (Bhardwaj et al., 2014). Boerhavia difussa prevented soybean from sprouting and growing. These results are important since preventing germination and growth results in lower productivity. Therefore, it is important to take into account interactions between weeds and crops. Boerhavia difusa experimentation with petridish and marijuana yielded a range of results. Therefore, it is crucial to confirm any in vitro results with further greenhouse and field studies that account for the various natural conditions that plants encounter while developing without human intervention. Additionally, additional research must be done on the allelopathic stress of these species under various climatic and soil conditions, as well as how to quantify the molecules that cause this stress (Sidhu et al., 2023).

References

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How to cite this article

Nikam S.R., Namdas D.D. and Padale T.R. (2023). Allelopathic effects of Boerhavia difussa L. aqueous extracts on Soybean (Glycine max L.) Seed Germination, Shoot and Root Growth and Dry Matter Production. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(5): 820-825.