Anticancer Activity of Argemone mexicana L. Leaves Methanol Extract against Chemically Induced Mammary Tumours in Wister Rats

Author: Vennila G., Santhini Arulselvi K., Ambujam G. and Sivakami T.

Download PDF

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, accounting for 31% of all female cancers around the world. Most of the anticancer drugs are associated with adverse side effects and development of multidrug resistance. Numerous studies have reported that plants extracts and phytochemicals isolated from plants are potent biological agents with anticancer properties. The whole plant of Argemone mexicana is traditionally used to treat the tumours, inflammation, skin conditions, jaundice, dysentery etc,. Being several phytochemicals have received interest of its antiproliferative and anti-tumour activities. In our study, we have investigated the anticancer activity of Argemone mexicana l. leaf (family: papaveraceae) against DMBA(7,12 dimethylbenz[a]anthracene) induced mammary tumors in wistar rats. We have used standard methods of soxhlet methanol extract of Argemone mexicana and phytochemicals analysis by GCMS. The drug was administrated orally to tumour induced rat in respective of 200mg, 400mg, which were compared with tumour control and standard drug (Temoxifen 10mg/kg/b.w) treated groups. At the end of experimental period rats were sacrificed with anesthesia, tumour tissues were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histopathological studies. The results were calculated as mean ± SD of six animals of all groups. The statistical analysis was done by using one-way ANOVA. P value was <0.05, considered as statistically significant. Histopathology, drug treated groups showed marked improvement in cellular architecture, when compared to untreated groups. 400mg/kg treated groups increased cellular morphology and mild pleomorphic changes like standard drug treated groups. From the results of study, we have concluded that methanol extract of Argemone mexicana might have anti-cancer effect by increasing apoptosis, preventing oxidative stress and proliferation, thus, the study needs further confirmation to be used as an alternative treatment for breast cancer. Definitely these herbal extract can be a novel contribution to the people against breast tumours.

Keywords

Breast cancer, Argemone mexicana L., DMBA, GCMS analysis

Conclusion

In conclusion, methanol extract of Argemone mexicana leaves consist of several active compounds with anti-microbial and anticancer effects. Because of its medicinal properties, A. mexicana leaves extract treated animals may shows that decreased tumour volume and weight, morphologically less proliferating tumours, no invade growth and ulcer on the skin. Extract treated rats mammary tumus with cellular improvement in the histopathological study compare to tumour control. From our study, Argemone mexicana leaves extract in low cost, as well as ability to regress the tumour growth and improve the cellular morphology almost similar to standard drug. Therefore, Argemone mexicana leaves may have pharmaceutical properties and medicinal values but the therapeutic effect and mechanism of action needed further investigations.

References

-

How to cite this article

Vennila, G., Santhini Arulselvi, K., Ambujam, G. & Sivakami, T. (2023). Anticancer Activity of Argemone mexicana L. Leaves Methanol Extract against Chemically Induced Mammary Tumours in Wister Rats. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(5), 1038-1045.