Wheat productivity deliberately depends upon the large amount of N and P fertilizers. It becomes more challenging to meet the wheat N and P demand from soil with the growing population. But to meet that demand large amount of fertilizers uses affects the environment, water bodies and soil health and added cost to the crop production. To avoid the harmful effects of these chemical fertilizers we need to adapt the strategies for improving nitrogen and phosphorous use efficiency of the wheat. Strategies should be made in such a way that wheat genotypes must have higher uptake efficiency. Therefore, in this review, we present the importance of nitrogen and phosphorous to wheat, its uptake and utilization. We also mentioned the strategies to improve N/PUE, i.e via conventional breeding as well as molecular approaches such as marker assisted selection, Transgenic approaches, miRNAs in N and P stress and nanoparticles based approaches. These approaches will be helpful in future breeding programs and in improvement of N/PUE of wheat genotypes.

NUE, PUE, miRNA, Marker assisted selection

Wheat growth and productivity is largely affected by the dose of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers. Soil nutrient status is going to be deteriorating by the passing years due to higher use of chemical fertilizers to meet the N/P demand of crops. To enhance the N/P availability of plants we need to adopt the strategies which could be helpful in efficient uptake of N and P from the soil and directly to the growth and productivity of wheat.

Vijeta Sagwal, Pooja Sihag, Ankush Kumar, Sapna Yadav, Ritu Khasa, Sushma Kumari Pawar, Swati Sharma and Upendra Kumar (2022). Approaches to Improve Nitrogen and Phosphorous use Efficiency in Wheat. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 14(4a): 572-580.