A survey was conducted throughout the 2019-20 wheat growing season, spanning the months of January and February, encompassing critical growth stages from anthesis to physiological maturity. This survey extensively covered the seven districts within the West Bengal state, situated in the North Bengal region, known for their wheat cultivation. During the survey, stops were made every 15 to 20 kilometers along roads to thoroughly examine fields. Data collected included the identification of disease types based on symptoms, as well as the incidence and severity of these diseases. The diseases observed during this survey encompassed Spot blotch, Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), Leaf Rust, loose smut, Glume blotch, and root rot. Survey results shows the Spot blotch as the most prevalent disease, causing substantial annual economic losses. Fusarium Head Blight was observed in the majority of areas but not across all fields surveyed. On the other hand, occurrences of Leaf Rust, loose smut, glume blotch, and root rot were identified in certain areas. The prevalence (percentage of contaminated fields) and severity of these diseases exhibited variations from year to year.

Wheat, diseases, survey, incidence and severity

The findings from this investigation indicate that the majority of commercially cultivated wheat varieties in this region are highly susceptible to both spot blotch and Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) diseases. Additionally, there is a higher probability of leaf rust and smut diseases occurring at severe levels. Consequently, it is recommended to promote the dissemination of improved and recently released wheat varieties and proper management practices. This approach will aim to mitigate the economic threats associated with these prevalent diseases and simultaneously decrease the risk of emerging diseases in the region.

Gnanasing Jesumaharaja L., Dhar A., Bhaumik P., Yonzone R., Debnath M.K., Kumar P.D., Devi A.P. and Hembram S. (2023). Assessment of Emerging Wheat Diseases in Northern Region of West Bengal under Changing Climate Scenario. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(12): 329-334.