Biology of Rust-Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Author: M. Bhubaneshwari Devi and N. Victoria Devi

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Abstract

A laboratory study was undertaken on the biology of Tribolium castaneum on wheat flour at an average room temperature 29oC and 59% R.H. during January to July 2013. The daily egg laying was observed on the first day of oviposition on the wheat flour. No. of eggs laid per day by a female was 24 eggs. Incubation period was 4 to 5 days and grub underwent seven instars and total developmental period of the immature stages ranged from 70 to 83 days with an average of 76.5 days. Pupation takes place in the flour. The pupal period ranged from 6 to 9 days with an average of 7.5 days and the unmated male and female adult period ranged from 45 to 67 days and 75 to 89 days respectively. The total life cycle of a beetle was 164-194 days.

Keywords

Room temperature, Humidity, Average duration, Life cycle, T. castaneum.

Conclusion

A laboratory study was undertaken on the biology of Tribolium castaneum on wheat flour at an average room temperature 29oC and 59% R.H. during January to July 2013. The daily egg laying was observed on the first day of oviposition on the wheat flour. No. of eggs laid per day by a female was 24 eggs. Incubation period was 4 to 5 days and grub underwent seven instars and total developmental period of the immature stages ranged from 70 to 83 days with an average of 76.5 days. Pupation takes place in the flour. The pupal period ranged from 6 to 9 days with an average of 7.5 days and the unmated male and female adult period ranged from 45 to 67 days and 75 to 89 days respectively. The total life cycle of a beetle was 164-194 days.

References

The red flour beetle, T. castaneum (Herbst) is worldwide and most destructive pest of stored products and is cosmopolitan in distribution. It is the most common pest of wheat flour. It also causes serious damage upon dried fruits, pulses and prepared cereal foods, such as cornflake, pasta, biscuit, beans, nuts, etc. It is an often the most common species in the pest complex attacking stored wheat although its pest status is considered to be secondary, requiring prior infestation by an internal feeder, it can readily infest with or other grains damaged in the harvesting operation. Both larvae and adults feed on grain dust and broken grain, but not the undamaged whole grains and spend its entire life cycle outside the grain kernels (Karunakaran et al., 2004). In severe infestation, the flour turn greyish and has a pungent, disagreeable odour- making it unfit for human consumption. This insect causes substantial loss in storage because of its high reproductive potential (Prakash et al.,19

How to cite this article

M. Bhubaneshwari Devi and N. Victoria Devi (2015). Biology of Rust-Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Biological Forum – An International Journal 7(1): 12-15.