INTRODUCTION Cotton, sometimes known as "white gold," is one of India's most significant fibre crops, farmed all over the world. It has a significant impact on the national and international economies. It is mostly cultivated for its fibre, which is used to make textile for humans. Cotton continues to have a prominent position in the textile industry, due to competition from synthetic fibres (Jaffar et al., 2017). In 2021-22, India produced 362.18 lakh bales of cotton on 120.69 lakh hectares, yielding 510 kg per hectare (Cotton Corporation of India, 2022). Maharashtra ranks first in acreage (42.86 lakh ha) and stands second in production (84.00 lakh bales). Hence, there is a lot of scope to maximise its production potential. Seed cotton yield per unit area in India is still much lower than in many other cotton growing countries across the world. Poor plant population and the usage of low potential varieties are two of the most important reasons contributing to the country's low cotton crop production (Bankar, 2008). To address these limits in cotton production, several approaches such as maintaining a sufficient plant density, using the optimum number of fertilisers, growth regulators, and so on are applied. Previously, in India, Bt cotton was a technique that was well adopted by Indian farmers and had the ability to control in boll warming. Due to greater production costs farmers eventually resort to regular cultivars that provide normal yields (Navya and Venkataranganaika 2021). Cotton's optimal amount would, be determined by the plant variety. Generally, Cotton genotypes have a long maturation period of up to 200 days, are late maturing, tall growing, and spreading varieties, and have a bushy look. They also necessitate a wide spacing, leading in the formation of a netted canopy, which causes issues with plant protection, machine picking, poor solar energy trapping, physiological efficiency, and harvest index (Gomez et al., 1984). These types of varieties require more pickings because to their prolonged lifespan, resulting in a significant rise in the expense of cotton cultivation, particularly manual picking and a poor profit margin that fluctuates erratically. Furthermore, clean picking labour availability is a significant barrier. Under these circumstances, high density planting system is ideally suited. They have a lot of potential for lowering row width as well as spacing between plants in a row. High density planting system is also known as Ultranarrow row (UNR). Cotton cultivation at high density is being examined as a possible technique for lowering production costs by shortening the growing season. Mostly High-density planting system is suited for early matured genotype. By using early matured genotype, reduces the cotton growing period and provides yield in a smaller number of days (Leena et al., 2018). That has the chance to go for another crop. Because of their small stature, these compacts also allow for an increase in plant density per unit space. It allows for double cropping as well as mechanical harvesting. These compact varieties have the additional benefit of just requiring a few pickings. As a result, labour and seed costs are reduced because formers will use varietal seeds in the next planting season. In UNR cotton, proper main nutrient rates are also critical for optimal lint yield while lowering input costs (Gadade et al., 2015). This experiment was conducted to know about opinion, extent of adoption and constraints in High Density Planting System. Has most of the Indian farmers are interested in HDPS cotton, this experiment is used for further improvements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Present study was conducted in Telangana state. In Telangana state there are three agro climatic zones. Based on the proportion of adoption, from each zone one district was selected. From each district two mandals and from each mandala two villages are selected purposively. From each district 30 HDPS farmers are selected. A total sample of 90 HDPS farmers are selected from three districts of three zones. HDPS farmers are selected based on the HDPS farmers list provided by the KVKs and DAATTCs of PJTSAU in the respective districts. The data was obtained by a personal contact approach using a scheduled interview schedule and the data was coded, categorised, tabulated, and analysed in light of the objectives and to make the findings practical for making relevant conclusions. Application of the Garret’s Ranking Technique An attempt is made to recognize the constraints faced by the growers in the cultivation of HDPS Cotton. The identified problems of growers in the cultivation of HDPS cotton are ranked by making use of Garrett’s Ranking Technique. The technique was used to rank the preference mentioned by the respondents on different factors and aspects of the HDPS Cotton cultivation process. It is used to figure out what the most influential factor was in the respondent's decision. Respondents were asked to rank various limitations and outcomes based on their influence using the Garret's Ranking technique, which was then converted into a score value and rank using the following formula: Percent position = Rij-0.5/Nj × 100 Where, Rij = Rank given for the ith variable by jth respondents Nj = Number of variables ranked by jth respondents The percent position estimated is transformed into scores using Garrett's Table by referring to the table provided by Garret and Woodworth (1969). The scores of each individual are then combined for each factor, and the total value of scores and mean values of scores are determined. The most important factor is determined by the variables with the highest mean value. Below is the tabular representation of the constraints faced by the HDPS Cotton farmers in Telangana. The table is a random categorization of the constraints discovered through personal interviews and questionnaires. The table represents cultivators' interests and rankings of the constraints they experience when growing HDPS Cotton. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The results are mainly obtained from the data which was collected from the respondents to know the opinion on HDPS cotton, extent of HDPS adoption and constraints faced by the farmers during the HDPS cotton cultivation. Farmer’s opinions about Cotton cultivation in HDP System. The results of farmers opinion about cotton cultivation in HDPS system were depicted in table-1. Based on the mean score, most of the farmers are strongly agreed that high density planting cultivation is better and yield also more compared to normal cotton cultivation and most of the farmers disagreed that single pickings is better compared to more number of pickings (Singh and Waris 2002). Extent of HDPS adoption by sample farmers. In extent of HDPS adoption, based on the percentage of farmers followed the recommended practices they are divided into three non adopters, partially adopters, complete adopters. A critical look at the data present in Table 2 revealed that the non adoption level of individual respondent in adoption of recommended practices showed in gap filling on the 10th day of sowing, partially adopted for summer ploughing to avoid perennial weeds and completely adopted for Land preparation by deep ploughing. Most of the farmers are motivated in adoption of technologies through training and demonstration so as they achieved maximum adoption level. The similar findings were reported by (Singh et al., 2017). Constraints in adoption of High-density planting system. The constraints in adoption of high-density planting system were ranked based on the mean score (Shinde et al., 2003). The data in Table 3 reveals that uneven rainfall (74.13), lodging effect (72.36), difficulty in weeding (67.46), unable to harvest at one time (62.64) and lack of sufficient irrigation water (62.17) is the major constraint in adoption and High rate of pest and disease attack in HDPS (29.96) low education levels (30.93), lack of awareness of the HDP System (31.32) are the minor constraints.