Canine dystocia, also known as difficult labor, is a common reproductive emergency that can be brought on by a number of things, such as birth canal obstruction, uterine dysfunction, or anatomical anomalies. Vaginal hyperplasia is an uncommon but known cause of dystocia in dogs. It is characterized by an excessive development of vaginal tissue. When the vaginal tissues interfere with the birth canal, it can prevent a regular delivery and cause the mother and her puppies a great deal of discomfort. The surgical intervention of a dystocia in an 8-year-old dog with a history of pyometra in a prior heat is highlighted in this case report. The patient was 72 days pregnant, had dystocia, and vaginal hyperplasia. There was no improvement with oxytocin and epidosin treatment, and it was speculated that the obstructive hyperplasia mass was hindering the delivery. After a 24-hour wait, no fetal birth took place, prompting the choice to surgically remove the hyperplasia. Long-term labor and indications of blockage during birth were seen in a female dog. Significant vaginal swelling, which was determined to be vaginal hyperplasia, was confirmed by clinical examination and diagnostic imaging. The puppies were unable to pass through the birth canal due to a mechanical blockage induced by the mass. The hypertrophic vaginal tissue was surgically removed in order to remove the impediment and enable the puppies to pass through safely. Since the fetus was macerated cesarean section was carried out and dead fetus was removed by surgical intervention under general anesthesia and the recovery period following the procedure went smoothly

Dystocia, Vaginal Hyperplasia, Surgical Management, Canine Reproduction, Obstetrics

The present case emphasizes how crucial it is to diagnose and treat dystocia situations accompanied by vaginal hyperplasia as soon as possible. It's critical to take vaginal hyperplasia into account as a possible cause of canine dystocia. Even though hypertrophy vaginal tissue is a very uncommon disorder, the obstruction it causes can have detrimental effects on the mother and the puppies. When conservative care is ineffective, surgery is a viable therapeutic option for dystocia. The health and welfare of the dam and her children depend on early diagnosis, timely surgical intervention, and appropriate postoperative care. The hyperplasia mass needed to be surgically removed, but to protect the mother and the puppies, a cesarean section was ultimately necessary. When handling complicated obstetric situations in dogs, the case highlights the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach and the evaluation of various surgical procedures

Harsha Sahu, Mohammad Osamah Kalim, Neetikopal Bante, Hamesh Kumar Ratre and Suryakant Sahu (2025). Dystocia Secondary to Vaginal Hyperplasia and Prolonged Gestation with Fetal Mummification in a Bitch: A Case Report on Medical and Surgical Management. Biological Forum, 17(6): 25-29