Indian wild boars (Sus scrofa L.) are known for their adaptability and increasing presence in agricultural landscapes, leading to significant ecological and socio-economic impacts. The Indian wild boar is a member of Phylum- Chordata, Class- Mammalia, Order- Artiodactyla, Family- Suidae, Genus- Sus and species- S scrofa. Indian wild boars have emerged as a significant challenge in agricultural landscapes, particularly in paddy-growing regions of Punjab, due to their foraging behaviour and habitat adaptability. This study assesses the presence and habitat ecology of wild boars in paddy crop fields of two rural villages—Rajowal (Ludhiana district) and Bhinder Khurad (Moga district)—through a structured questionnaire survey involving 60 respondents (30 per village). The survey analyzed wild boar sightings, preferred habitat conditions, seasonal variations, and human-wildlife conflict levels. The results indicate that 85% of respondents in Rajowal and 78% in Bhinder Khurad reported frequent wild boar presence, particularly near water bodies and dense vegetation adjacent to paddy fields. Nighttime activity was dominant, with 73% of sightings in Rajowal and 68% in Bhinder Khurad occurring between 7 PM and 4 AM. Habitat analysis based on respondent feedback revealed that wild boars prefer marshy areas near irrigation canals (62%), followed by paddy fields with dense cover (29%) and open farmland (9%). Seasonal trends showed peak activity during monsoon and post-harvest months (July–November), aligning with high food availability. This study highlights the ecological adaptability of wild boars in paddy field ecosystems and the pressing need for integrated management approaches

Agricultural Landscapes, Foraging Behaviour, Habitat Ecology, Human-Wildlife Conflict, Indian Wild Boar (Sus scrofa L.), Paddy Crop Fields, Punjab

This study highlights the ecological adaptability and increasing prevalence of Indian wild boars in Punjab's rural landscapes, particularly in paddy-growing regions. The findings reveal significant human-wildlife conflicts, with wild boars exhibiting a strong nocturnal presence, preference for marshy habitats near irrigation canals, and seasonal peaks during monsoon and post-harvest months. Their foraging behaviour and herd movements contribute to substantial crop damage, emphasizing the urgent need for integrated wildlife management strategies. Understanding their habitat preferences and activity patterns can aid in developing targeted mitigation approaches, balancing conservation efforts with agricultural sustainability

Manjinder Kaur and Nisha Vashishat (2025). Ecological and Social Impact of Indian Wild Boar (Sus scrofa L.) in Rural Landscapes of Punjab. Biological Forum, 17(5a): 88-92