INTRODUCTION Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.), also called as garden beet or table beet, is one of the major root vegetable belongs to the family Chenopodiaceae along with spinach, palak, swiss chard, parsley, celery and it has chromosome number of 2n=18. The beet root was first cultivated for human and animal consumption in Western Europe and North Africa. As a cool season annual, this crop is a biennial. India's northern and southern regions both grow it. It is grown, albeit on a modest scale, in practically all of India's states. It produces green tips and a swelling root that can be used in salads and as vegetables. It produces a lot and is typically free of pests and illnesses (Ado, 1999). It is an excellent vegetable for people who are concerned about their health because it is a great source of protein, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin C (Deuter and Grundy 2004). Because betanine pigment is present, roots are red. It provides a number of therapeutic benefits and lowers the risk of peripheral and cardiovascular disorders. Beet root helps to lower blood pressure, prevent plaque buildup and lower bad cholesterol, manage diabetes, treat anaemia, relieve fatigue, boost sexual health and stamina, and protect against cancer, among other things. The amount that sugar beet farmers get paid depends on how much recoverable sucrose is taken out of their crop. Therefore, to maximise sugar beet profitability, a crop with a high sucrose content must be produced in large quantities. The management of nutrients is a crucial element in achieving this objective. Three essential elements—beet yield, sucrose content, and sucrose recovery efficiency—are the foundation of sugar beet earnings. Yield optimization for sugar beets can be difficult. All three aspects can be impacted by nutrients, especially nitrogen (N). In addition to increasing nitrate impurities, which lower sucrose recovery, excess nitrogen can also diminish the sucrose concentration. While maintaining N levels is simple, micronutrients are also essential for getting the best sugar yields. Conversely, N deficiencies can lower the root and sugar output. Both Maharashtran farmers and sugar mills have little interest in growing sugar beet. The lack of scientific and technological knowledge about sugar beet agriculture in these areas is mostly to blame for the low productivity and low sugar recovery of the plant. Genetic progress and rigorous cultural traditions can increase production and sugar content. MATERIAL AND METHODS At the Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, Kalyanpur, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (208002), a field experiment titled "Effect of organic manures and bio-fertilizer on growth, yield, and quality of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) cv. Red express" was done during the rabi season of 2021–2022. (U.P.). Eight treatment combinations were used in the trial, which used a Randomised Block Design with three replications. All the different combination of organic manures and biofertilizer treatments viz., T1: Control, T2: PSB (5 kg/ha), T3: FYM (20 t/ha), T4: VC (5 t/ha), T5: PSB (2.5 kg/ha) + FYM (10 t/ha), T6: PSB (2.5 kg/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha), T7: FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) and T8: FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha). The seed of Red express were sown in plot size of 2m × 2m, spaced with 45 × 15 cm. To cultivate a good crop, all other recommended cultural practices were followed. The observation were recorded in randomly taken four plant per plot and tagged plants from each replication on morphological traits viz., number of days taken for germination of seed, plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf area (cm2), root length (cm), root diameter (cm), harvest index, root yield (kg/plot), root yield (quintal/ha), root weight (g/plant) and total soluble Solids (Brix°). The data based on individual plants selected for observation were statistically analysed as described by Sukhtme (1985). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Plant height. Plant height is one of the important growth contributing characters for sugar beet plant. Plant height of sugar beet was measured at 25, 50 days and harvest after sowing. It was significantly influenced by different organic manure and biofertilizers (Table 1). During the growth period, plant height increased gradually and reached to peak at around 90 days after sowing. Plant height varies from (11.92, 18.99 and 24.17 cm) in T1 (control) to (17.74, 28.10, 34.01 cm) in T8 (FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha)) at 25, 50, days and harvest respectively. The combination of organic manures and biofertilizers may have provided plant nutrients for proper growth of plants by improving the physical chemical properties, drainage, porosity, and aeration of soil, as evidenced by the highest plant height found in treatment T8 and lowest plant height observed in treatment T1. The outcome showed that better plant height of beet roots was seen with the combined application of FYM, Vermicompost, and PSB. The results were accorded with Gyewali et al. (2020). Number of Leaves. The number of leaves per plant was greatly affected by organic manure and biofertilizer. With respect to time, the number of leaves gradually grew. At 25, 50 DAS, and harvest stage after planting, the number of leaves per plant varied significantly (Table 2), respectively. The treatment T8 (FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha) produced the most leaves per plant (8.75, 15.41, 18.58), followed by treatments T7 (FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) (7.66, 13.75, 16.66), and T5 PSB (2.5 kg/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) (7.75, 14.00, 16.33). It may be attributable to the synergistic effects of organic manures and biofertilizer, which finally resulted in better growing conditions with the provision of sufficient plant nutrients. The minimum number of leaves were found in the treatment control T1 (6.33, 11.91, 14.25) at 25, 50 and harvest stage respectively. Root Attributes Root length (cm). According to the findings in Table 3, beetroot root length was greatly increased by applying organic manure and biofertilizer treatments. Application of biofertilizer and organic manures combined Compared to other treatments, (T8) FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha) produced significantly longer roots (11.84 cm). The minimum root length found with control T1 (8.60 cm). Such effect of bio fertilizer along with organic manure application on root size may be attributed active role of bacteria which released from bio fertilizer in producing certain growth regulators and stimulation compounds such as GA3 and IAA which play an important role in formation a large and active root system and also due to availability of sufficient amount of nitrogen, phosphorus by organic manures of natural status of nutrient present in soil and therefore increasing nutrient uptake. Similar results were suggested by Jabeen et al. (2018). Root Diameter (cm). Application of organic manures combined with biofertilizer had a substantial impact on root diameter in this study, according to data collected and analyzed in Table 3. Roots in the treatment of combined organic manure and Phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) as biofertilizer with FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha) in T8 (6.17cm) were significantly thicker than all other treatments whereas treatments T4 (5.44 cm), T3 (5.24 cm), T7 (5.19 cm) and T2 (5.18 cm) at par each other. The minimum root diameter (4.21 cm) under control. The results are accorded with Devi et al. (2016). Root Yield Root yield in gram per plant. At various phases of plant development, the application of PSB, FYM, and vermicompost had a substantial impact on the root production (g/plant). Table 4 data analysis and presentation. The application of FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha) in T8 resulted in the highest beet root yield (118.33g), followed by FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) in T7 (104.16g), which is considerably better than control, and the lowest was reported in control T1 (76.04g). According to Thanunathan et al. (1997) similar findings were reported Root yield in kg per plot. At various phases of plant growth, the application of PSB, FYM, and vermicompost had a substantial impact on the root yield (kg/plot). Table 4 data analysis and presentation. The application of FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha) in T8 resulted in the highest beet root yield (5.68 kg), followed by FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) in T7 (5.0 kg), which is considerably higher than control, while the lowest yield was reported in control T1 (3.65kg). Similar results were suggested by Ijoyah et al. (2008). Root yield in quintal per hectare. The use of organic manures and biofertilizer in combination had a significant impact on the root yield. The findings are shown in Table 4. The application of FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha) T8 (142.0 q/ha) produced the maximum root yield, followed by FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) T7 (125.0 q/ha). Control T1 produced the lowest yield (91.25 q/ha). Similar results were suggested by Anna and Maria (2013). Total soluble solids (°Brix). The application of organic manures and biofertilizer, as well as their combinations, had a substantial impact on the TSS of roots. The data that were analysed were shown in Table 5. The application of FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha) T8 (19.36) produced the highest TSS, which was followed by FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) T7 (18.20). The Control T1 had the lowest TSS (13.20). Similar result were reported by Mog (2015). Harvest Index. The calculations and results for the harvest index are shown in Table 5. The application of FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha) had a considerable impact on the harvest index as well. FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) + PSB (2.5 kg/ha) T8 (0.69) and FYM (10 t/ha) + VC (2.5 t/ha) T7 (0.67) had the highest harvest indices, whereas control T1 had the lowest (0.60). Similar result were reported by Carter et al. (1985).