Effect of Storage Environment and Packaging Materials in Groundnut Seeds (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Author: Afsanabanu Manik, Amaregouda A., M.K. Meena, M.M. Dhanoji, N.M. Shakuntala and Hasan Khan

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Abstract

Groundnut seeds are prone to deterioration during storage. The quality of seeds after harvest is crucial for successful seed production and long-term use, especially for improving crop yields. Numerous factors, including genetic, edaphic, environmental, and biotic, influence the quality of seeds. Maintaining high-quality seed is necessary to create complex environments that encourage the most favorable interactions between the genetic composition of the seed and the surroundings in which it is grown, harvested, processed, and stored. Seeds lose some of their vigor and germination during storage due to deterioration. In light of this, the current study to understand the physiological and biochemical changes that occur in groundnut seeds under different storage conditions and packaging materials was conducted at Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural sciences, Raichur, India. Groundnut seeds were stored in different packaging materials viz., gunny bags, cloth bags, high density polythene bags, purdue improved crop storage bags and vacuum packed bags and stored at ambient and cold conditions (5-7 °C and 65-70 % RH) for a period of 18 months. The results of the study revealed that seeds stored in vacuum packed bags maintained the highest seed quality parameters compared to seeds packed in gunny bags, cloth bags, high density polythene bags and purdue improved crop storage bags after 18 months of storage. These parameters included germination (89.61 % and 35.66 %), mobilization efficiency (17.97 % and 10.41 %), seedling dry weight (682 mg and 361 mg), moisture content (6.61 % and 9.91 %), dehydrogenase activity (1.46 and 1.01 OD values) and lipase activity (0.325 and 0.676 milliequivalent free fatty acid/min/g). Therefore, the study concluded that seeds stored in vacuum packed bags are the best options for storing groundnut seeds for up to 18 months without compromising their viability.

Keywords

Seed storage, seed quality, mobilization efficiency

Conclusion

The degradation of groundnut seeds is an undesirable and harmful side effect of growing groundnuts. Viability is difficult to maintain while being stored in negative storage conditions. The study clearly showed that two primary factors affecting groundnut seed viability are temperature and seed moisture. Among the packaging materials and storage conditions, vacuum packaging and cold condition was the best for highest germination percentage, mobilization efficiency, seedling dry weight, dehydrogenase activity and lowest moisture content and lipase activity. Reduction in seeds quality parameters as storage period increases which leads to deterioration of seeds in groundnut.

References

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How to cite this article

Afsanabanu Manik, Amaregouda A., M.K. Meena, M.M. Dhanoji, N.M. Shakuntala and Hasan Khan (2023). Effect of Storage Environment and Packaging Materials in Groundnut Seeds (Arachis hypogaea L.). Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(10): 153-158.