Estimate Resources used, Cost Return Structure and Various Cost concept of Tea in Kangra District, Himachal Pradesh

Author: Nitika Parmar, Mukesh Kumar Maurya and Avinash Mishra

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Abstract

The study was designed with the conspicuous objective of evaluating the costs involved in tea cultivation and repayment from tea production in the study area. Primary data was collected from 50 tea growers stationed in 5 randomly selected villages in a purposively selected block of Kangra district. The respondents are grouped into three different size categories: Size group I, Size group II, and Size group III. The secondary data was collected from The Palampur Co-operative Tea Factory and Tea board Palampur. It was observed that the total cost of cultivation for Size group I, Size group II, Size group III tea growers was Rs. 45720.49, Rs. 48325.34, and Rs. 49632.72, respectively, on an average cost of cultivation of Rs. 47892 on one hectare of land for tea. The overall net income per hectare was Rs. 52696.59 and gross income is Rs. 100667. Major constraints in tea production were non availability of workers in peak season, Change in climatic factors like low rainfall/high rainfall/drought/flood, and management of pest and diseases. During the survey, it was found that the tea gardens of the study were quite aged. The tea plants in Palampur are grown by the Britisher about 170 years ago which lead to lost in their vigour. Himachal government has targeted to double the tea production by next five years by bringing 100 hectares area under commercial tea cultivation in the coming 5 years. It was revealed from the data that human labour accounts for largest share in the cost of cultivation of tea is a labour-intensive crop.

Keywords

Cost of cultivation, cost of production, average cost, gross income, and net income

Conclusion

The result revealed that the overall total cost per hectare of tea was Rs. 47892.85. the total cost was higher for Size group III farms, followed by Size group II and Size group I farms. The different components of the cost of cultivation were expenditure incurred on family labour was higher in Size Group I farms, and the share of hired labour was higher in Size group III farms. The analysis of the cost of cultivation shows that, on average, the total cost (Cost C3) per hectare of tea cultivation was Rs. 47970.07 for the sample farms in the study area. The cost C was the highest on Size group III farm, followed by Size group II and Size Group I farm. The overall gross income per hectare of tea cultivation was Rs. 100667. This was higher on Size group III farms as compared to Size group II and Size group I farms. On an overall basis, the farm business income was Rs. 72830.37 per hectare. It was higher on Size group III farms, followed by Size group II and Size group I farms. At the overall level, the cost of production was Rs. 47970.07 (Cost-C3). The major items of cost of cultivation were the rental value of owned land, human labour, tractor labour, plant protection, interest on working capital, fertiliser, and manure/FYM. The cost of production was highest on Size group III farms, followed by Size group II and Size group I farm groups. The profit at cost (C3) was highest on Size group I farms. Thus, net profit was not increased with an increase in the size of the farm. The physical constraints which rank I, II, and III are non-availability of workers in peak season, Change in climatic factors and high cost of transportation. In biological constraints the rank I was management of pest and disease and procurement of quality planting material or seed stock in rank I.

References

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How to cite this article

Nitika Parmar, Mukesh Kumar Maurya and Avinash Mishra (2023). Estimate Resources used, Cost Return Structure and Various Cost concept of Tea in Kangra District, Himachal Pradesh. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(5): 708-713.