Estimation of Genetic variability and Frequency Distribution of EMS Mutant derived F2 Population of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for Varied Agronomic Traits

Author: Jajati Keshari Nayak, Raju Ratan Yadav, Santvana Tyagi, Pooja Joshi and Sundip Kumar

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Abstract

The investigation was carried out at the experimental farm of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, spanning the winter seasons from 2021 to 2023. The experimental material comprised P1, P2, and F2, encompassing 240 lines within the F2 population derived from the cross mutant line BSM 583 × PBW 343. The experimental was conducted in augmented design, incorporating two commercial cultivars (HD 3298, HD 3226) and two parents as checks for comparative analysis. The findings underscored significant differences in phenotypic values among the measured traits between the two parents and the examined cross. While the means of all studied characteristics surpassed those of the checks, considerable variability in yields and yield components was evident due to the introduced mutation. The averages of measured traits in both F1 plants and F2 populations across all crosses closely aligned with those of the respective parents. Notably, the study revealed no consistent reduction in heritability attributable to the mutation. Furthermore, the investigation unveiled substantial genotypic variance for all twelve traits, with coefficients of variance ranging from 1.95 to 37.26%. Remarkably, tiller number (TN) and Biomass exhibited the highest genetic coefficients of variance (GCV) (55.08 %, 58.12%) and phenotypic coefficients of variance (PCV) (55.64 % and 58.32 %), respectively, followed by peduncle length with GCV at 40.83 % and PCV at 42.46 %. Traits such as plant height (PH), tiller number (TN), Flag leaf length (FL), Peduncle length and biomass demonstrated both high heritability and significant genetic advance. In essence, the study underscores the extensive variability introduced by the mutation, impacting yield-related traits, while also emphasizing the heritability and genetic advance observed in key agronomic parameters. In this study, the heritability of yield attributing parameters within an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) induced mutant population poses a significant challenge, given the inherently random and spontaneous nature of mutations. In addressing this challenge, our study delves into the examination of heritability and variability within the F2 population of EMS-induced mutants. The objective is to comprehensively assess the potential of these mutants as valuable contributors to the breeding cycle, positioning them as promising donors in enhancing agricultural yields and for crop improvement initiatives.

Keywords

Variability, EMS Mutant population, Heritability, Phenotypic Variance

Conclusion

The current investigation highlights the substantial genetic variation among the F2 segregating lines derived from EMS, encompassing all the tested traits. This observation provides a valuable opportunity for plant breeders to engage in the meticulous selection and enhancement of these traits. Traits that exhibit high heritability and are easily measurable can be particularly advantageous for expeditious screening of large volumes of planting materials, specifically for the trait of interest. Furthermore, the principal component analysis unveiled that principal components PC1 and PC2 collectively accounted for approximately 30% of the total variations. This outcome serves as additional confirmation of the ample genetic diversity present in the mutant lines, particularly BSM 583, thereby underlining their potential utility in wheat improvement programs.

References

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How to cite this article

Jajati Keshari Nayak, Raju Ratan Yadav, Santvana Tyagi, Pooja Joshi and Sundip Kumar (2023). Estimation of Genetic variability and Frequency Distribution of EMS Mutant derived F2 Population of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for Varied Agronomic Traits. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(10): 1601-1606.