Estimation of Heterosis for Grain Yield and its related Traits over the Environments in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Author: Gaurav Sharma*, Uttam Chandel, Jatin Sharma and Satish Kumar Guleria

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Abstract

The study of standard heterosis among maize germplasm is essential to maximize the effectiveness of cultivars selection. The present investigation was carried out to estimate the heterosis in maize hybrids developed through crossing eight elite inbred lines in half diallel mating design. The experimental material consisted of 8 parental genotypes, their 28 crosses and two checks viz., Palam Sankar Makka-2 and Bio-9544. The experimental material was evaluated in RBD with two replications during Kharif, 2019 at two different environments representing different agroclimatic and ecological conditions of North-Western Himalayas i.e. SAREC, Kangra (E1) and HAREC, Bajaura (E2). Data was recorded on various agro-morphological traits. Bartlett’s test revealed that error variance was homogeneous for days to 50% pollen shed, days to 50% silking, days to 75% brown husk, ear circumference, 1000-grain weight and grain yield. Standard heterosis (%) for grain yield ranged from -52.34 (P4 × P7) to 1

Keywords

Heterosis, Pooled Environment, Half Diallel Analysis, Zea mays L.