Estimation of Heterosis for Seed Yield and it’s contributing Traits in Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)

Author: S. Aparna, Amit Dadheech, Hemlata Sharma, Narendra Kumar Padiwal, and Mukesh Kumar Yadav

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Abstract

Opium poppy is a valuable multipurpose crop, with long standing legacy of medicinal and pharmaceutical utilities and have also been emerged as a model crop by virtue of it’s versatility and uniqueness. Keeping in mind, the requirements of genetic enhancement and better breeding advancements of the poppy, a line × tester analysis was carried out to assess the heterosis, heterobeltiosis and economic heterosis of fifty four F1 hybrids developed by crossing 18 lines/females and 3 testers/males of diverse parents along with two suitable checks for thirteen viable economical traits in Papaver somniferum L. The hybrids were evaluated in a randomized block design during Rabi 2022-2023 at RCA, MPUAT Udaipur. The analysis of variance concluded the presence of variability among parents and crosses for the characters studied. Significant parents v/s hybrids contrast were observed for all characters, except for days to maturity, indicating the presence of considerable amount of genetic diversity in the experimental material. The cross UOP-78 × UOP-20 exhibited positive significant economic heterosis over the best check Chetak Aphim for seed yield per plant and also maximum relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis for seed yield per plant and harvest index for seed yield. The cross UOP-150 × UOP-80 showed maximum significant positive relative heterosis for capsule husk yield, length of main capsule and capsule size, maximum significant positive heterobeltiosis for capsule husk yield and capsule size and maximum positive economic heterosis for length of main capsule and capsule size. UOP-107 × UOP-80 showed all three heterotic parameters for number of stigmatic rays per capsule and maximum significant relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis for diameter of main capsule was shown by UOP-45 × UOP-80 . UOP-79 × UOP-20 showed maximum positive significant values of relative and economic heterosis for number of effective capsules per plant. Therefore, these promising crosses can be recommended for exploitation of heterosis to obtain appropriate segregants for crop improvement program in opium poppy.

Keywords

Heterosis, Heterobeltiosis, Economic heterosis, Opium poppy, Papaver somniferum L

Conclusion

Based on the findings, it was found that the cross UOP-78 × UOP-20 exhibited positive significant economic heterosis over the best check Chetak Aphim for seed yield per plant and also maximum relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis for seed yield per plant and harvest index for seed yield. The cross UOP-150 × UOP-80 showed maximum significant positive relative heterosis for capsule husk yield, length of main capsule and capsule size, maximum significant positive heterobeltiosis for capsule husk yield and capsule size and maximum positive economic heterosis for length of main capsule and capsule size. This cross also showed negative heterosis for days to 50 per cent flowering.UOP-107 × UOP-80 showed all three heterotic parameters for number of stigmatic rays per capsule and maximum significant relative heterosis and heterobeltiosis for diameter of main capsule was shown by UOP-45 × UOP-80. UOP-79 × UOP-20 showed maximum positive significant values of relative and economic heterosis for number of effective capsules per plant. Thus, in the present study, cross UOP-78 × UOP-20 is found most promising with respect to it’s economic heterotic parameters and hence can be handled according to appropriate breeding methods for varietal development in opium poppy.

References

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How to cite this article

S. Aparna, Amit Dadheech, Hemlata Sharma, Narendra Kumar Padiwal, and Mukesh Kumar Yadav (2023). Estimation of Heterosis for Seed Yield and it’s contributing Traits in Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(8a): 94-103.