Evaluation of Cultivars and Date of Sowing on Yield Response against Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) caused Spot Blotch Disease of Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) in Bihar

Author: Uday Kumar, C.S. Azad, Sanjeev Kumar, S.K. Sharma, Ravi Ranjan Kumar and Ruby Rani

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Abstract

The spot blotch disease caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker, is one of the most important foliar fungal disease of wheat crop. This disease appears in almost all wheat growing regions of world including the state of Bihar in India constantly lead to substantial yield reduction, posing a considerable constraint on wheat production in the region. Especially witness condition of Bihar faced to more vulnerable to spot blotch disease of wheat so, present study, conducted during the winter (Rabi) seasons of 2021-22 and 2022-23 at the research farm of Bihar Agricultural University in Sabour, Bhagalpur, aimed to assess the impact of different wheat cultivars (DBW-316, PBW-833, DBW-187, HD-3118, HI 1563, PBW-723 and PBW-179) sown on two different dates (5th November, as timely and 10th December, as late sown). The objective was to understand the influence of sowing times on yield potential and determine the optimal timing for sowing to mitigate the effects of spot blotch disease. Disease incidence, per cent disease index (PDI), AUDPC was lowest and highest grain yield (q/ha) was for (D1) timely sown treatment (5th Nov. 2021-22 and 2022-23) as compared to (D2) late sown (10th Dec. 2021-22 and 2022-23). No disease appearance at flowering stage in timely sown condition so PDI was not recorded. At hard dough stage, the minimum DI and PDI (34.61 & 35.40% and 5.74 & 6.52%) were recorded with PBW-833 at timely sown condition, respectively. In case of D2, the minimum DI and PDI (62.07 & 62.79 % and 36.30 and 37.04 %) from PBW-833 recorded, respectively. The minimum AUDPC (42.14 and 48.51) recorded from PBW-833, respectively at timely sown cultivars. However, the maximum AUDPC (604.07 and 659.81) was recorded from genotype PBW DBW-316 and minimum AUDPC (288.43 and 315.65) recorded at late sown condition, respectively. The maximum grain yield (41.83 and 41.13q/ha) was recorded from PBW-833 at timely sown cultivars whereas, maximum grain yield (32.58 and 32.37 q/ha) recorded from PBW-833 at late sown cultivars, respectively. These findings underscore the importance of timely sowing in disease management and crop productivity, with PBW-833 emerging as a promising genotype.

Keywords

Wheat, Spot blotch, Date of Sowing, Cultivars and Yield

Conclusion

Timely-sown genotypes consistently exhibited lower disease incidence and percent disease index compared to late-sown ones across both years 2021-22 and 2022-23. At flowering stage, all genotypes were disease-free. PBW-833 showed the minimum disease indices at different growth stages, resulting in higher grain yields and lower AUDPC. In contrast, DBW-316 exhibited higher disease indices and lower yields, especially in late-sown conditions. These findings underscore the importance of timely sowing in disease management and crop productivity, with PBW-833 emerging as a promising genotype.

References

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How to cite this article

Uday Kumar, C.S. Azad, Sanjeev Kumar, S.K. Sharma, Ravi Ranjan Kumar and Ruby Rani (2023). Evaluation of Cultivars and Date of Sowing on Yield Response Against Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) caused Spot Blotch Disease of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Bihar. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(10): 1478-1484.