Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Genetic Advance Analysis for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Author: Shubham Kumawat, Amit Kumar, Satvinder Singh, Kumari Pragati, Sunita Choudhary and Hemant Kumar Jaiswal

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Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a vital cereal crop globally, providing sustenance to a significant portion of the world's population but in order to feed this growing population, it is necessary to improve genotypes to increase wheat production potential per unit area so, to overcome the barriers in high yield gain the investigation has been taken with 22 wheat genotypes for genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for yield and its component traits. Variability analysis revealed significant differences among the genotypes for traits such as plant height, number of grains per spike, test weight, single plant yield, days to maturity, days to heading, flag leaf length, number of tillers per plant, and spike length. High heritability was recorded for the test weight (99%) followed by plant height (97%), days to heading (96.3%), and single plant yield (85%) while low heritability was observed for the number of tillers per plant (39%) and numbers of grains per spike (65%). Additionally, heritability estimates indicated a high degree of heritability for most traits, suggesting the potential for genetic improvement. Notably, single plant yield and flag leaf length exhibited high genetic advance (GA), making them promising targets for wheat improvement. This study provides valuable insights for breeders and researchers working on enhancing wheat productivity to meet the growing demands of the Indian population.

Keywords

Wheat, genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, yield

Conclusion

The present study revealed a sufficient amount of variability for the studied traits among the genotypes. Low values of GCV and PCV were observed for yield attributing traits like number of grains per spike, test weight, plant height and spike length as high heritability were also observed for these traits, revealed that less genetic variation present in experimental genotypes with respect to above- mentioned characters. Single plant yield and flag leaf length exhibited a high value of GCV, PCV and high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of the mean showed that presence of high variability indicates possibility of effective selection for the improvement of characters.

References

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How to cite this article

Shubham Kumawat, Amit Kumar, Satvinder Singh, Kumari Pragati, Sunita Choudhary and Hemant Kumar Jaiswal (2023). Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Genetic Advance Analysis for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(10): 29-32.