Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Methanol and Chloroform Aerial Part Extract of Digera muricata Marl. By GC-MS Analysis and Screening of Anticancer Activity Against Selected Cancer Cell Lines

Author: Deepa K.N. and D. Kotresha

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Abstract

Cancer, a life-threatening ailment, ranks as the second leading cause of death worldwide. The increasing threat posed by medication-resistant cancers emphasizes the critical need for advancing the development of more powerful anticancer agents. Plant derived medicine emerges as a highly viable alternative to modern medical approaches in the fight against cancer, providing a cost-effective option. The present study revel phytochemical screening and cytotoxic activity for chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts from aerial part Digera muricata and identification of bioactive compounds in plant extract responsible for anticancer activity. The qualitative phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of a wide range of metabolites in three extracts, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, and proteins. All extracts screening for cytotoxic activity against selected HepG2, MDAMB-231, NCIH-460 and K562 cancer cell lines by MTT assay. Three extracts exhibit anticancer activity but the most potent cytotoxic activity in chloroform and methanol extracts of Digera muricata. The IC50 value showed better in chloroform extract which was 25.85µg/ml in NCIH-460, 48.03 µg/ml in MDAMB-231 cancer cell lines. Where as in methanol extract the IC50 value found to be 67.71 µg/ml in NCIH-460 and 42.61 µg/ml in MDAMB-231 and these extracts was utilised for GCMS analysis. GCMS analysis revel various bioactive compounds in both methanol and chloroform extracts

Keywords

Plants extracts, phytochemical analysis, MTT assay, GC-MS profiling

Conclusion

In summary, our study highlights the anticancer potential of the aerial part of Digera muricata against selected cancer cell lines, notably demonstrating significant cytotoxicity against NCIH-460 and MDAMB-231 cancer cell lines. The existence of active secondary metabolites, as indicated by phytochemical analysis, may contribute to this observed cytotoxic activity. Furthermore, GCMS analysis supports these findings by identifying active anticancer compounds within both chloroform and methanolic extracts. These findings suggest a promising avenue for future research aimed at isolating potent anticancer compounds from this plant extracts. Ultimately, such efforts hold the potential to yield novel herbal medicines for cancer treatment with minimal side effect

References

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How to cite this article

Deepa K.N. and D. Kotresha (2023). Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Methanol and Chloroform Aerial Part Extract of Digera muricata Marl. By GC-MS Analysis and Screening of Anticancer Activity Against Selected Cancer Cell Lines. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(4): 1012-1018.