Special economic development of the Scheduled tribes and Protection against their exploitation has been an important agenda of the Government. The Tribal Sub plan was initiated during fifth Five year plan to provide direct benefit to the schedule tribes. All the developmental agencies in the district are involved in the project for all round development of the tribal people. Various occupational activities are formulated for the income and employment generation. This paper investigates the Impact of Tribal Sub Plan Programme on Income and employment generation of the farmers in Odisha. The study was conducted in two tribal districts covered under Tribal Sub plan programme in a state of Odisha. A total of 240 respondents were selected for the purpose of accomplishing the objective of our study. Interview Schedule has been prepared in context of the purpose of the present study. Unless occupational competency increased, there will not be much of technological developments. Similarly, much of technological development occur unless adoption of remunerative enterprises. Technological development makes better management of adverse situation. Sustainability and stability in production is another consideration of technological developments. It is apprehended that much initiatives had not been taken for the development of farm activities. The respondents might have concentrated on their traditional practice. significant differential percentage of gaps not observed on various aspects of material possession The respondents had poor opinions on developments in purchase of required farm implements, purchase of additional land, developing on irrigation system, land reclamation and levelling as well as better education to children and self-sufficient in food. Significant gap percentages obtained on all the socio cultural factor revealed that the socio cultural development as a whole were not satisfactory. The respondents of both Mayurbhanj and Gajapati district had positively opined for more income and employment generation, facilities created for self-employment and to some extent productive time utilization. Though significant differential percentage of opinions observed on easy marketing of the produce, better access to credit and finance as well as increase in capability for farm investments.

Tribal Sub Plan, Programme, Income, Employment, Development

The motto of the Tribal sub plan is to enrich the tribal farmers to enrich their knowledge and skills for effective implementation of developmental activities. Training and other extension approaches are organised regularly to update their knowledge and skills. The pooled mean score value had indicated significant differential gap percentages of all the aspects of technological developments covered under the study. The findings therefore suggest that the extension officials involved in Tribal Sub plan activities have to take intensive effort on poor development areas and further strengthening of better development aspects for the betterment of the tribal farmers. In the context of the extent of development of farm activities, the extension officials involved in the process have to analyse the reasons of deficiencies and take adequate steps for the improvement of farm activities particularly the deficient areas. According to material possession, the findings therefore suggested for intensive effort in formulating need based feasible programme with knowledge and skill proficiency for effective implementation resulting better production and income generation. As per comparative analysis of all aspects of development, it is concluded that the officials involved in the process of programme implementation have to analyse the deficiencies and take all possible steps to enrich the knowledge and skill proficiency that may motivate the respondents to adopt and raise both income and employment generation. The Tribal Sub Plan project has formulated need based programme for economical upliftment of the tribal farmers. Various extension activities are organised for knowledge and skill enrichment for effective implementation of the programme to achieve the desired goal.

K. Behera and B. Mishra (2022). Impact of Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) programme on Income and Employment Generation of the Farmers in Odisha-An Analytical Study. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 14(3): 1603-1608.