Improving Maize Growth and Productivity through Endophytic Symbiosis under Field Condition

Author: Roopashree B., Rajendra Prasad S. and Shivaranjan C.S.

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Abstract

In this research study, a field experiment was conducted to assess the effects of three fungal endophytes, namely LAS-6 (Chaetomium sp), K-23 (Fusarium sp.), and P-37 (Ulocladium sp.) on plant growth and development. The experiment involved monitoring the plants at 30, 45, and 65 days after sowing (DAS) to evaluate various growth parameters. The results indicated that the application of these endophytes significantly enhanced plant height, stem girth, leaf area, shoot biomass, and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) compared to the control group. Moreover, the stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and assimilation rates were notably higher in plants treated with endophytes, suggesting an improved physiological performance under field conditions at 30 DAS. Additionally, the endophyte-treated plants exhibited a shorter duration for anthesis and silking, indicating accelerated reproductive development. Furthermore, these plants recorded increased cob length, cob weight, number of kernels per row, and kernel row length, all of which are key components contributing to higher yield. These findings underscore the potential of fungal endophytes in enhancing crop productivity by positively influencing both vegetative and reproductive growth parameters. This research contributes valuable insights into the application of endophytic fungi for sustainable agricultural practices, offering a promising avenue for future studies in the field of plant-microbe interactions and crop improvement strategies.

Keywords

Maize, endophytes, field condition, growth and yield parameters

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study explored the potential synergistic relationship between plants and endophytes as a means to enhance growth and yield in field conditions. These improvements can be attributed to the increased photosynthetic efficiency facilitated by endophyte treatment, possibly involving the secretion of phytohormones and enhanced nutrient uptake. Moreover, this positive impact on plant growth and physiology aligns with previous findings in different plant species. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that endophyte-inoculated plants exhibited a shorter time to anthesis and silking, increased cob weight, and higher test weights, resulting in an overall higher grain yield per plant.

References

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How to cite this article

Roopashree B., Rajendra Prasad S. and Shivaranjan C.S. (2023). Improving Maize Growth and Productivity through Endophytic Symbiosis under Field Condition. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(10): 662-669.