In-Silico Databases based Study on the Effects of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the 3' UTRs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Associated Host Gene IFNG in Human Populations

Author: Shraddha Uikey and Deepak Bharti

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Abstract

This In-Silico Databases based study examines the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) of the interferon gamma gene (IFNG) associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human populations through in-silico analysis. Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a major health threat globally, with significant mortality rates, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (WHO, 2021). This study utilizes comprehensive genomic databases to evaluate SNPs in the IFNG gene, which is crucial for the immune response against TB. Focused on regulatory mechanisms, the research identifies how SNPs can alter microRNA (miRNA) binding and subsequently influence gene expression. Notably, variations such as rs2069723, rs186409216, and rs147926889 exhibit differing frequencies across populations, revealing the potential for significant effects on immune responses. For example, although rs147926889 shows moderate binding affinity with several miRNAs, its rare occurrence limits its impact on the overall human population. These findings emphasize the need for population-specific studies to understand genetic variations better and their links to TB susceptibility. By integrating SNP data with predictive modeling, this study aims to cover the way for targeted interventions and personalized strategies in TB management. The research underscores the importance of understanding genetic factors influencing TB outcomes and provides a foundation for future studies aimed at confirming functional implications of identified SNPs.

Keywords

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), Interferon Gamma (IFNG), 3' Untranslated Region (3' UTR), MicroRNA

Conclusion

This online available database based study provides critical insights into how minor alleles within the IFNG gene influence the regulatory interactions with microRNAs, shaping immune responses and susceptibility to tuberculosis. The evidence indicates that the presence of minor alleles enhances the likelihood of microRNA binding, which could be vital for understanding genetic factors in TB susceptibility. Future research should focus on functional assays to confirm these predictions and deepen the understanding of SNP and microRNA interactions in the context of infectious diseases. Future scope of the study: This in-silico study lays the groundwork for experimental validation of SNPs in the IFNG gene's 3' UTR, aiming to elucidate their functional roles in TB susceptibility and immune modulation. Additionally, the integration of multi-omics approaches, including transcriptomics and proteomics, could provide comprehensive insights into gene regulation and immune response pathways relevant to tuberculosis treatment strategies tailored to diverse populations.

References

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How to cite this article

Shraddha Uikey and Deepak Bharti (2023). In-Silico Databases based Study on the Effects of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the 3' UTRs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Associated Host Gene IFNG in Human Populations. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(4): 1035-1039.