In Silico Prediction of T-Cell and B-Cell Epitope in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis strain of H37Ra

Author: Vaithilingam Krishnakumar, Rajesh Pandiyan and Velu Rajesh Kannan

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Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis leads the top cause of death, still in 2021 reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). In the near days, chemotherapy also becomes ineffective due to the development of resistance. As the infection spreads through droplets and airborne, it is necessary to prevent it through herd immunity through vaccinations. Since 1921, BCG is the only vaccine for tuberculosis, the BCG vaccine may be effective in children, but it is not protective even in younger adults. Since MDR-TB has been growing at a high rate, the treatment is becoming ineffective due to its wide range of resistance. The strains could also not respond to the immune system in TB individuals with lower immunity. Hence, new strategies and techniques have been created for the development of new vaccines. The virulent protein Ag85B from the strain H37Ra was selected as a vaccine candidate for the development of an effective vaccine. The protein sequence was retrieved from NCBI Genbank and the sequence was subjected for its antigenicity and allergenicity by in-silico software tools. The sequence was then predicted for its major histocompatibility complex against the human allele HLA-A*01:01 by the ProPred analyzing tool. The B-cell and T- cell epitope was then identified for probable antigens. Hence to conclude that Ag85B was found to be strong structural, desirable physiochemical and potential immunological attributes for the development of remarkable humoral and cellular immune response. Henceforth, Antigen 85B should be a potential lead candidate for in vitro and in vivo evaluations against Mtb.

Keywords

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, T-Cell, B-Cell, Vaccine, Histocompatibility, Epitope, Ag85B

Conclusion

The Antigen 85B of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is found to be the most predominant protein in virulent action. Thereby, the protein was selected as an antigenic molecule as a vaccine candidate. The protein was analyzed by various online tools to identify its antigenicity and Allergenicity, revealing that it is non-allergic for the allele HLA-A*01:01. The T cell and B cell epitopes were also predicted by CTL Pred and BC Pred software to obtain the sequence RPGLPVEYL has probable antigenic property with the score value of 0.5177 among 285 amino acid residues. The MHC Pred software concluded that low IC50 was found in the allele DRB*0101. Overall, the present finding is concluding that the selected Antigen 85B showed strong structural, desirable physiochemical and potential immunological attributes that can lead to the development of remarkable humoral and cellular immune responses. Henceforth, Antigen 85B should be a potential lead candidate for in vitro and in vivo evaluations against Mtb.

References

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How to cite this article

Vaithilingam Krishnakumar, Rajesh Pandiyan and Velu Rajesh Kannan (2023). In Silico Prediction of T-Cell and B-Cell Epitope in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis strain of H37Ra. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(5): 719-724.