The current study investigates the interactions between phytate and seed storage proteins found in Indian mustard seeds using an in silico method. Phytic acid is generally regarded as an undesirable constituent in diets and is found in substantial concentrations in mustard seeds. Although it is well known to contribute in mineral/protein deficiencies, it may also have potential physiological advantages. Interactions between biopolymers like proteins, phytic acid, and metal ions determine the negative and positive effects of this molecule. An objective comprehension of these interactions and how they impact the foods themselves is crucial in light of the growing market for plant-based diets in order to effectively manage and utilize phytates obtained from plants as well as to increase the accessibility of proteins from plant sources. In this study, the visualization of the interaction between napin and phytate produced lowest binding energy i.e., 14.35 Kcal/mol and involved 3 H-bond interactions, while between cruciferin and phytate produced lowest binding energy i.e., 13.99 Kcal/mol and involved 5 H-bond interactions. The findings of this study offer important insight into these IP6-related interactions, which shall aid in formulating strategies for using these plant-derived bioactive molecules for animal and human welfare. The incorporation of synthetic genes is ideal to improve bioavailability of protein fractions in diet, for which the in silico interactions are needed to be studied in greater detail, as like here. The candidate gene expression and thus silencing are yet to be achieved in this aspect of study related to Indian mustard.

Cruciferin, Indian mustard, Molecular docking, Napin, Phytate, Seed Storage Proteins

As is already known, phytic acid has detrimental effects in the body by causing deficiency of minerals. However, it provides potential benefits by inhibiting oxidation and other unfavorable reactions that require metal ions. The interactions between IP6, metal ions, and biopolymers are what ultimately determine both the advantageous and detrimental consequences of phytic acid in the body. From the results obtained, it is clear that phytate is a highly reactive ligand with a propensity for interacting with a variety of cations, small molecules, and polymers like proteins. Understanding the functions phytate can play in human/animal digestion, food processing, polymer functionality, and many other domains requires a thorough understanding of its chemical and structural properties as well as how and when these interactions occur. Apart from the importance of studying these phytate-protein interactions in relation to seed proteins, they would also help in gaining insights into the underutilized beneficial effects of phytate on the functionality of food polymers.

Pant P., Garg S., Nain P. and Punetha H. (2023). In silico Study of Interaction Between Phytate and Seed Storage Proteins (SSPs) of Indian Mustard. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(9): 706-711.