In vitro Evaluation of Enzymatic activities of Trichoderma spp. Isolated from Copper Mining Areas of Uttarakhand

Author: Erayya, Nandani Shukla, Kalmesh Managanvi, Srinivasaraghavan A., Rekha Balodi and J. Kumar

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Abstract

A total of 29 Trichoderma stains were isolated and purified from rhizospheric soil samples collected from different copper mining area (Nainital, Bageshwar and Tehri Garwal districts) of Uttarakhand hills. These Trichoderma isolates were assessed for their enzymatic potential under in vitro conditions using colorimetric method. Among the isolates, TCMS-36 showed maximum (116.5EU) chitosanolytic activity followed by TCMS-65 andTh-14 (53.5 EU), TCMS-5 (51.0 EU) and TCMS-2(47.0 EU). TCMS-2 showed maximum β-1, 3 endoglucanase activity of 85.56 EU followed by TCMS-43 (84.89 EU), TCMS-34 (82.0 EU), TCMS-14b (80.67 EU) and TCMS-4(80.22 EU). While TCMS-36 showed maximum chitinase activity of 15.5 EU. However, TCMS-16 was found to have maximum (93.77 EU) cellobiase activity which was followed by TCMS-24 (19.33 EU) and Th-32 (14.44 EU). Among different enzymes assayed, the activity of chitosanase was found to be maximum followed by β-1,3 endoglucanase activity and cellobiose degrading enzymes activity. However, chitinase activity was least (≤15.56 EU) in all the tested isolates. The enzymatic activity is one of the important attributes of a potential bio-control agent to dissolve the cell wall of the pathogenic fungi. Hence, the enzymatic activity can be directly correlated with degree of parasitism. The selected Trichoderma isolates with maximum enzymatic potential could be further screened against various plant pathogenic fungi and can be used for effective, economical, ecofriendly and sustainable management of fungal diseases of agricultural and horticultural crops.

Keywords

Biocontrol, Trichoderma, Enzymes, Antagonism, Sustainability, plant disease

Conclusion

Trichoderma species are highly efficient producers of many extracellular enzymes and it is a unique feature of Trichoderma species that is the main reason of their antagonistic nature. The extracellular hydrolytic enzyme activities were exhibited at the different rates by different Trichoderma species. The enzymatic activity is directly related to the antagonistic potential of the Trichoderma spp. The enzymes produced by Trichoderma spp. affect the chemistry of cell wall which is accompanied by cell wall degradation. The extracellular hydrolytic enzymes played important role in mycoparasitism and antibiosis which are essential aspect for the bio-control of pathogens. The Trichoderma strains with high enzymatic potential could be screened further for their antagonistic activity and can be used for the sustainable crop disease management and in organic agriculture systems.

References

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How to cite this article

Erayya, Nandani Shukla, Kalmesh Managanvi, Srinivasaraghavan A., Rekha Balodi and J. Kumar (2023). In vitro Evaluation of Enzymatic activities of Trichoderma spp. Isolated from Copper Mining Areas of Uttarakhand. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(8a): 337-342.