Molecular and Morphological Genetic Diversity for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Author: V. Bhanu Prakash, P. Shanthi, M. Shanthi Priya, P.V. Ramana Rao, P. Lavanya Kumari, M. Reddi Sekhar, A. Manasa, G. Anil Kumar, K. Girish Kumar and V.L.N. Reddy

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Abstract

The present study was carried out with 40 genotypes of rice at wetland farm, S.V. Agricultural College, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh during Rabi, 2022 in a randomized block design with three replications to estimate genetic divergence at both morphological and molecular level. Morphological diversity was estimated by using Mahalanobis D2 statistics for 14 yield and yield attributing traits and grouped the 40 rice genotypes into eight different clusters. Among the eight clusters, Cluster I was the largest comprising maximum of 17 genotypes followed by Cluster III with 13 genotypes, cluster II and Cluster IV comprising of 3 genotypes each. Whereas, clusters V, VI, VII and VIII were observed to be monogenotypic clusters with one genotype each. Maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters VI and VIII followed by clusters VII and VIII, cluster III and IV and cluster V and VIII which indicated that the genotypes in these clusters have maximum genetic diversity. Whereas, Intra-cluster distance was observed maximum in cluster III. Among all the characters studied, days to 50% flowering, grain length and 1000 grain weight contributed maximum towards genetic divergence. Molecular diversity among 40 rice genotypes was estimated by using gene-specific markers related to yield revealed that out of 13 markers studied, seven markers showed polymorphism. A total of 15 alleles were detected by using seven polymorphic markers with an average of 2.143 alleles per locus. PIC values were ranged from 0.524 (RGS-1) to 0.134 (Dep1-S9) with an average of 0.289. Cluster analysis by using Unweighted Neighbour Joining method revealed that all the 40 genotypes were grouped into three clusters. Cluster I is the largest comprising of 25 genotypes followed by cluster II with 9 genotypes and cluster III with 6 genotypes

Keywords

Rice, genetic divergence, D2 statistics, molecular diversity, gene-specific markers

Conclusion

Mahalanobis D2 analysis grouped the 40 genotypes into eight clusters. Cluster I was observed to be largest with 17 genotypes followed by cluster III with 13 genotypes. Maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster VI and VIII followed by cluster VII and VIII, cluster III and IV and cluster V and VIII. While, maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster III. Cluster VI comprised of RNR19186 recorded desirable values for plant height, number of panicles plant-1 and grain yield plant-1. Among all the characters studied, maximum contribution towards genetic divergence was recorded by days to 50% flowering. Cluster analysis by molecular diversity grouped 40 genotypes into three clusters. Cluster I is the largest cluster with 25 genotypes followed by cluster II with 9 genotypes and cluster III with 6 genotypes. By comparing both morphological and molecular diversity studies, crossing between the genotypes from diverse clusters viz., RNR19186 × MTU3626, WGL1142 × MTU3626 and DRR Dhan 38 × MTU3626 could be suggested in hybridization programme to generate a broad spectrum of variability in segregating generations

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How to cite this article

V. Bhanu Prakash, P. Shanthi, M. Shanthi Priya, P.V. Ramana Rao, P. Lavanya Kumari, M. Reddi Sekhar, A. Manasa, G. Anil Kumar, K. Girish Kumar and V.L.N. Reddy (2024). Molecular and Morphological Genetic Diversity for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(3): 166-174.