Mutation Breeding as a Tool for Aphid Resistance in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss]

Author: Ponaganti Shiva Kishore, Aditya Pratap Singh*, Sujaya Dewanjee and Pramod Kumar Pandey

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Abstract

One of the most important oilseeds in India is mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss]. The country's edible oil demands are met in part by its production. Because they have the ability to exploit ephemeral habitats quickly, aphids are specialised sap feeders and dangerous pests. Aphids can be controlled effectively, economically, and environmentally through the creation of an aphid-resistant genotype. As part of their physiochemical defense mechanisms, Brassica plants produce glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, lectins, volatiles, and alkaloids, as well as surface waxes and trichomes to deter infestations of insects. The lack of available resistant sources of intercrossable germplasm in brassicas as well as poor knowledge of trait genetics has hindered aphid resistance breeding in brassicas. The mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi, is a primary pest in most mustard-growing regions, causing yields to decline by 35.4%-96.0% and oil content to drop by 5-15%. Induced mutagenesis is a reliabl

Keywords

Indian mustard, mustard aphid, genetic variability, mutagenesis, biophysical, biochemical.

Conclusion

In India, the mustard aphid is the most devastating insect in the Brassica family, producing major crop losses. There are currently no viable Brassica juncea tolerant cultivars with systemic plant responses in the form of direct or indirect aphid defences that have been developed using traditional methods. The lack of resistant sources within crossable germplasm, as well as a lack of knowledge about trait genetics and specific procedures for screening large numbers of genotypes required in breeding for the selection of tolerant cultivars in mustard, are the primary reasons for the delay in developing resistant variants of Brassica juncea. Induced mutagenesis has proven to be a reliable means of introducing unique variants within a crop variety, therefore any agricultural development effort must contain genetic variability. The efficiency of this technology has been demonstrated by the release of induced mutants as new varieties in several crops. When no gene, or genes, promoting insect

References

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How to cite this article

Ponaganti Shiva Kishore, Aditya Pratap Singh, Sujaya Dewanjee and Pramod Kumar Pandey (2022). Mutation Breeding as a Tool for Aphid Resistance in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss]. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 14(1): 11