Aquaculture has become a cornerstone of global food production, but it faces challenges like maintaining water quality, optimizing oxygen delivery, and preventing disease outbreaks. Nanobubble technology, characterized by ultrafine bubbles with unique properties such as high stability, negative surface charge, and enhanced gas transfer efficiency, offers innovative solutions to these issues. This review paper explores how nanobubbles improve dissolved oxygen levels, enhance water quality through removing pollutants, control algae, and aid in pathogen disinfection to reduce disease outbreaks. Their ability to sustain higher oxygen concentrations minimizes fish stress, improves feed conversion ratios, and accelerates growth rates, promoting sustainable and cost-effective aquaculture practices. Despite its potential, challenges such as high initial costs, scalability, and the need for technical expertise must be addressed. Future prospects include integrating nanobubble technology with IoT and AI for smart aquaculture systems and customizing gas infusions to meet specific water quality needs. Nanobubble technology is poised to transform aquaculture with its eco-friendly and resource-efficient applications, supporting global food security and sustainability

Aquaculture, Nanobubble, Sustainable, Smart aquaculture

The potential of nanobubble (NB) technology to transform aquaculture, particularly in areas like wastewater treatment, pathogen elimination, and reducing dependence on antibiotics, is evident. However, the technology is still in its infancy, and thorough, long-term studies are needed to evaluate its effectiveness, safety, and long-term viability in different aquaculture settings. Critical areas for further research include comparing NBs with conventional aeration techniques, fine-tuning NB dosages and exposure durations, and exploring the impact of various gases (such as hydrogen and ozone) used in NB formulations. Additionally, investigating the effects of NBs on the health of aquatic animals, especially concerning gas bubble disease and the role of reactive oxygen species, is essential to ensure that this technology does not negatively affect animal well-being or production outcomes. While there are challenges to overcome, particularly in terms of cost and scalability, the potential benefits of nanobubble technology make it a promising tool for the future of sustainable aquaculture

Muzammal Hoque, Jakir Hussain, Lukram Sushil Singh, Barkha Rani Chetia and Gowhar Iqbal (2025). Nanobubble Technology in Fisheries and Aquaculture: A Sustainable Solution for Enhanced Productivity and Water Quality Management. Biological Forum, 17(4): 37-43.