Neuroprotective effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A.DC.) against Scopolamine induced memory impairment in Rats

Author: Arul B., Karthik Pandi J., Kothai R. and Manivannan E.

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Abstract

The important phytoconstituents found in Carissa macrocarpa make it a promising medicinal plant with a long history of usage in traditional medicine. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether or not an ethanolic extract of Carissa macrocarpa leaves could produce neuroprotective effect on rats in Scopolamine induced memory loss. The antioxidant capacity was measured in-vitro using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Before receiving a single intraperitoneal injection of Scopolamine 1mg/kg, b.w. on day 15, rats were pre-treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg of ethanolic leaf extract of Carissa macrocarpa (EECM) of body weight for 14 days. The extent of memory loss was determined by administering a set of behavioural tests, including the Morris water maze and radial arm maze tests. At the end of the experiment, the rats were slaughtered, and the hippocampal region of their brains were removed and analysed the concentrations of acetylcholinesterase, nitric oxide, and protein. Using the DPPH assay, the IC50 values for EECM was 79.63±4.24µg, and that its total antioxidant activity was 804.24±23.42 µmol Fe (II)/g extract. In the behavioural tests of the Morri's water maze and the 8-arm radial maze, mice treated with EECM at 200 and 400 mg/kg showed a neuroprotective effect, with lowered acetylcholinesterase, nitric oxide, and protein levels (P<0.001). Positive neuroprotective benefits of an ethanolic extract of Carissa macrocarpa leaves against Scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats were found in the current investigation.

Keywords

Carissa macrocarpa, Scopolamine, Behavioural studies, Memory impairment, Neuroprotective

Conclusion

The findings of the current investigation demonstrated that an ethanolic extract of the leaves of Carissa macrocarpa exhibited potentially neuroprotective properties against the SC-induced memory impairment in rats. It's possible that this is because of the flavonoid’s antioxidant capabilities. The findings of the current investigation demonstrated that an ethanolic extract of the leaves of Carissa macrocarpa exhibited potentially neuroprotective properties against the SC-induced memory impairment in rats. One possible explanation for this is that the flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenols that are contained in it all have antioxidant capabilities.

References

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How to cite this article

Arul B., Karthik Pandi J., Kothai R. and Manivannan E. (2023). Neuroprotective effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A.DC.) against Scopolamine induced memory impairment in Rats. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(5): 1428-1434.