Occurrence and Population Status of Citrus Nematode on Lemon in Udaipur, Rajasthan

Author: Mukesh Jaiman and B.L. Baheti

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Abstract

Citrus limon (L.) is a most important fruit crop of India belongs to the Family-Rutaceae. Citrus is the third largest fruit crop which is grown commercially inlarge areas of Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, West Bengal and Assam in arid & semi-arid regions to humid tropical regions of India. Citrus is affected by number of insect pests and pathogens including plant parasitic nematodes. Among nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans is most economically damaging the all citrus crops. Therefore, to ascertain the prevalence and population analysis of the citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, a survey was conducted in the Udaipur district of Rajasthan from July to December 2022. A total of 350 soil and root samples were collected from lemon orchards and farmer’s field from Udaipur district. In surveyed areas, out of twenty six localities, incidence of citrus nematode, T. semipenetrans was recorded from 25 localities (RCA farm, Kaya, Ramarate, Ramabaori, Kherwarakhalsa, Vallabhnagar, Kewdakhurd, Sakariya, Nandeshma, Paaner, Gogunda, Bansiwara, Rohimala, Biroti, Khakhar, Kolar, Bhakoomba, Phalasiya, Kheroda, Bagar, Amarpura, Gumanpura, Jawanjika Kheda, Gadariyawas, Seriya). Observation viz., number of females/5 g roots, number of egg masses/5 g roots and nematode population/200cc soil were recorded. At the time of survey, GPS coordinates (longitude and latitude) were also taken to determinate the geographic location on maps of different localities where samples were collected. Occurrence of T. semipenetrans was obtained 71.92% with an average population of 86.40 females/5 g roots, 53.27 egg masses/5 g roots and 588.46 juveniles/ 200 cc soil. Extreme infestation of citrus nematode was marked from Gogunda followed by RCA farm and Gumanpura with nematode population 1355.00, 1050.00 and 965.00 per 200 cc soil, respectively. However, only one locality (Parda) where it was not seen

Keywords

Survey, Lemon, Citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans

Conclusion

Tylenchulus semipenetrans is found to be predominant in lemon (Citrus limon L.) where verdie-back symptoms are present and is suggested that citrus nematode is one of the main factorsresponsible for slow decline of citrus trees in India. A survey was carried out in the month of July to December 2022 in district Udaipur of Rajasthan, to record the prevalence of citrus nematode in lemon. In surveyed areas, out of twenty six localities, incidence of citrus nematode, T. semipenetrans was recorded from 25 localities. Extreme infestation of citrus nematode was marked from Gogunda, RCA farm and Gumanpura with nematode population (1355.00, 1050.00 and 965.00) per 200 cc soil, respectively. However, only one locality (Parda) where it was not found. Occurrence of T. semipenetrans was obtained 71.92% with an average population of 86.40 females / 5 g roots, 53.27 egg masses / 5 g roots and 588.46 juveniles / 200 cc soil. This study demonstrated that the Citrus nematode is more prevalent than previously believed, with population variations varying according to the localities.The study's findings may be applied to a number of critical areas to enhance management and decrease production losses. It will also be essential to do research on the effects of nematodes on host susceptibility and the role of climate change contributes in changing the ranges of Tylenchulus semipenetrans. Additionally, developing rapid diagnostic tools could allow for early detection, enabling timely interventions to protect lemon crops. Together, these efforts could significantly enhance sustainable lemon production by minimizing nematode-induced losses

References

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How to cite this article

Mukesh Jaiman and B.L. Baheti (2024). Occurrence and Population Status of Citrus Nematode on Lemon in Udaipur, Rajasthan. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(10): 165-171