Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different Irrigation Scheduling and Sowing Dates

Author: Mrinali Gajbhiye, Manish Bhan, K.K. Agrawal and Narendra Kumar

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Abstract

Wheat is a temperature sensitive crop, its delayed sowing exposes the crop to temperatures stress. Irrigation at critical stages is important for proper crop growth and development. Irrigation scheduling can reduce the adverse effect of high temperature to some extent thereby in achieving optimum yield. A field experiment was carried out at agricultural engineering farm, College of Agriculture Engineering, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.). Twelve treatment combinations comprised of three sowing dates, viz., 03 December, 18 December and 02 January were assigned to the main-plots and four Irrigation water/Cumulative Pan Evaporation (IW/CPE) ratio based irrigation scheduling in sub-plot treatments viz., 1.0, 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 was laid out in split- plot design with three replications. All the crop growth characters viz., plant height (91.60 cm) and number of tillers m-2 (415.25), yield attributes viz., number of effective tillers m-2 (402.6) and number of grains earhead-1 (45.21), and grain yield (4.64 t ha-1) and straw yield (6.79 t ha-1) were significantly superior in first sowing (03 December) over the others. Among the irrigation scheduling, 1.0 IW/CPE level recorded significantly superior crop growth characters viz., plant height (89.25 cm) and number of tillers m-2 (370.44), and yield attributes viz., number of effective tillers m-2 (358.2) and number of grains earhead-1 (44.77) which ultimately increased the grain (4.51 t ha-1) and straw yield (6.68 t ha-1). A strong linear positive relationship was observed between the grain yield with plant growth characters and yield attributes. A linear increase in grain yield was observed with the increase in growth characters and yield attributes. This suggests that 03 December sowing dates and 1.0 IW/CPE level of irrigation could be the best treatment to achieve optimum yield.

Keywords

Date of sowing, IW/CPE, growth & yield characters, grain yield, straw yield

Conclusion

The study concludes that 03 December sowing produces higher growth and yield attributes thus resulting significantly higher yield of wheat. Among the irrigation schedules, 1.0 IW/CPE level produced higher growth and yield attributes. However, decrease in level of irrigation level has negative effect on growth and yield attributing characters. A strong positive relationship was observed between growth and yield attributes with grain yield. Hence, to achieve the optimum yield 03 December sowing date and 1.0 IW/CPE ratio proved to be the best treatment in wheat.

References

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How to cite this article

Mrinali Gajbhiye, Manish Bhan, K.K. Agrawal and Narendra Kumar (2023). Performance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different Irrigation Scheduling and Sowing Dates. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(10): 1338-1342.