Population Improvement in Niger for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits after Two Cycle of Mass Selection

Author: Gururaja M., Nandini R., Savithramma D.L. and Rangaiah S.

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Abstract

Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass) is oil bearing annual, herbaceous plant belonging to the natural order compositae, sometimes referred to as Asteraceae. Niger is a cross pollinated crop and controlling its pollination is very difficult due to the smaller sized inflorescence so that there is no any ruling hybrids are not available in this crop. Hence our main aim is to improvement of niger plant population for yield and yield attributes using mass selection. First we developed base population to create of sufficient genetic variability in a population to select the individual plant based on phenotypic appearance, this was during summer 2018 at University of Agricultural sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru. From base population we selected 500 phenotypically superior plants and tag them and record the observation on quantitative traits. From 500 plant seed yield data we were make three different A1, A2 and A3 population based on seed yield per plant. Among three population we were discussed only A1 population in this article. The selected A1 population group seeds from base population plants were subjected to a two cycle of mass selection. Mean value for yield and yield attributing traits was high in case of A1 population after second cycle of mass selection over base and first cycle of selection mean values. This could be due to the selection efficiency, it lead to occurrence of different allelic and gene combinations. Mean values of yield and yield attributing traits of base, first and second cycle of mass selection values were subjected to t test, the results revealed significant increase in plant height, primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, capsule number per plant, number of seeds per capsule, test weight and seed yield per plant after second cycle of mass selection over base population mean values.

Keywords

Niger, A1 population, Mass Selection, Growth parameters, Yield attributes

Conclusion

Niger is highly cross-pollinated crop, controlling of pollination is very difficult hence, in this study improvement of existing cultivars of niger lines by two cycles of mass selection. After two cycles of mass selection improvement was observed in yield and yield attributing traits in niger population as compared with the base population.

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How to cite this article

Gururaja M., Nandini R., Savithramma D.L. and Rangaiah S. (2023). Population Improvement in Niger for Yield and Yield Attributing Traits after Two Cycle of Mass Selection. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(4): 254-258.