A total of 129 serum samples were collected from Pulikulam cattle herd with a history of stray abortions in Sivaganga district, Tamil Nadu, India. All samples were tested using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (iELISA). All seropositive animals were females, with an overall prevalence of 12.40% among females. Age-wise analysis revealed seroprevalence rates of 4.65% in the 4–6 years age group and 7.75% in animals older than 6 years. No seropositive cases were found in animals aged 3–6 months, 6–12 months, 1–2 years, or 2–4 years. Additionally, no male animals tested positive for brucellosis. In comparison with iELISA, the RBPT showed a sensitivity of 88.89% and a specificity of 98.20% for detecting the brucellosis in the Pulikulam cattle herd. The high prevalence observed among adult females may be associated with sexual maturity and the longer duration of exposure to infection. As the Pulikulam cattle are predominantly managed under a nomadic grazing system and rely solely on natural mating, the risk of transmission from infected to non-infected animals is likely increased. This study highlights the need for targeted control and prevention strategies for brucellosis among Pulikulam cattle herds in the southern districts of Tamil Nadu

Brucellosis, Pulikulam cattle, RBPT, iELISA, Sensitivity, Specificity

This study is the first to report seroprevalence of brucellosis among Pulikulam cattle, revealing a notable 12.40% prevalence by i ELISA, predominantly affecting mature females. RBPT showed excellent diagnostic performance (sensitivity 88.89%, specificity 98.20%). The findings underscore that nomadic management and natural mating practices contribute meaningfully to disease transmission in this indigenous breed

M. Saravanajayam (2025). Sero-epidemiology of Brucellosis in Pulikulam Cattle Herd of Tamil Nadu, India. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 17(1): 142-145