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Role of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats in Crop Improvement - A review

Author: Sadu Yashwanth, Sri Sai Chaitanya and Mayur S. Darwankar

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Abstract

Genome editing for desirable traits is one of the essential techniques for crop improvement. CRISPR/Cas mediated genome editing system is such a recently emerging plant breeding tool for crop improvement, which is a natural adaptive immune mechanism in most bacteria and archaea. A single guide RNA along with the suitable Cas protein molecule can be used for targeted gene editing to prevent gene expressions and to insert the desirable genes in targeted locations. This precise method can be used for studying plant functional genomics and enhancing morphological traits, quantity, quality, resistance to biotic and abiotic stress and to create genetic variability in both field and horticultural crops. CRISPR/Cas has been a practically successful mechanism in the field of genome editing technology. Here, we describe its origin and applications in crop improvement. However, CRISPR too has some limitations viz., designing highly specific guide RNA, a capable vector and fear of catastrophic mis

Keywords

CRISPR/Cas, Crop improvement, Genome editing, sgRNA.

Conclusion

CRISPR/Cas is a magnificent tool which must be used along the conventional breeding methods for desirable results. It must be a part of conventional methods but not an alternative. It can be used to improve the desirable characters and to create desirable variation. This precise tool helps to improvise the quantity, quality, resistance and tolerance to many biotic and abiotic stresses, storage ability, earliness and many other traits and crop improvement objectives. It also helps to decrease the hunger and malnutrition and can be considered as one of the best tools that contribute food security. It is a precise mutagenesis technique which have an important role in crop improvement and genome editing programmes.

References

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How to cite this article

Yashwanth, Sadu, Chaitanya, Sri Sai and Darwankar, Mayur S. (2021). Role of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats in Crop Improvement - A Review. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 13(1): 26-29.