Molecular Perspectives of Plant-Pathogen Interactions: An Overview on Plant Immunity

Author: Gagan Kumar and Satyabrata Nanda

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Abstract

In nature, there is a constant arm race is going on in between plants and pathogens. These plant-pathogen interactions are complex and multifaceted. To tackle the invading pathogens, plants have developed multiple resistance responses at several levels. On the contrary, adapting capabilities and evolution of new effector molecules help the phytopathogens to outrun plant defenses and proliferate in the host cells. Although, many theories and models have been proposed to address these interactions, none of them are exhaustive and fully understood. Therefore, it is essential to make a comprehensive summery of the existing plant-pathogen interaction models and delineate their intricacy related to plant protection. In this review, two crucial pathways of plant immune response, including the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) has been discussed elaborately. As both PTI and ETI are the major pathways involved in plant

Keywords

Plant immunity, PTI, ETI, plant-pathogen interactions

Conclusion

The interactions between plant-pathogen are complex and multi-faceted. Innumerable studies have been carried out from last decade to the present day to unveil the mechanism of these interactions. When exploring the avenues of plant-pathogen interactions, mainly two broad nodes come into pictures such as PTI and ETI. The former one is based on the strategic detection and neutralization of conserved PAMP or MAPM signatures, whereas the later one relies on the plant resistance genes to confer immunity. Like plants employ PTI or ETI to get rid of the invading pathogens, some of the pathogens can produce potent effectors that can dodge the plant patrolling and spread further infection and pathogen colonization. Thorough understanding and characterization of the different physiological and genetic processes involved in plant-pathogen interaction and exploring more on the phyto-pathosystems will pave ways for exploiting these phenomena in crop protection and improvement. This review, serving

References

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How to cite this article

Kumar, G. and Nanda, S. (2021). Molecular Perspectives of Plant-Pathogen Interactions: An Overview on Plant Immunity. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 13(1): 48-53.