Nutritional Supplementary Role of Non-Standard Amino Acids and Amino Acid Derivatives

Author: Areshdeep Kaur, Gursimran Kaur, Rajeev Kumar, Aditya Bansal, Saruchi, Daljeet Singh Dhanjal, Reena Singh and Chirag Chopra

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Abstract

Out of the several biological amino acids, 22 are considered protein building blocks. However, there are some non-standard amino acids and amino acid derivatives with health benefits and nutritional roles. There is a need for studies into the mechanisms by which these amino acids contribute to human health and nutrition. Lanthionine is a non-standard amino acid consisting of a trace of cysteine and a dehydrated serine. Its biosynthesis is a two-step metabolic pathway that is catalyzed in cystathionine beta-synthase and cystathionine gamma lyases. It is a non-protein amino acid produced as a side product of a trans-sulfuration reaction. Hydroxyproline is made with the assistance of the enzyme prolyl hydroxylase by hydroxylation of amino acid proline. Collagen stabilization is due to hydroxyproline which is a necessary form of protein collagen component. Dimethylglycine (DMG) is a derivative of glycine that plays a vital role in the body's overall metabolism. It helps the body to adapt t

Keywords

Amino acids, DMG, Dopamine, GABA, Lanthionine.

Conclusion

Lanthionine and hydroxyproline have many health benefits hydroxyproline; the clinical significance of this is that the lack of ascorbic acid in humans due to a deficiency in the hydroxylation of proline collagen residues with diminished collagen stability. Lanthionine ketimine act as neuroprotective, neuritigenic, andhas anti-inflammatory effects and many more. However, the biosynthesis of both lanthionine and hydroxyproline is complex. DMG is a derivative of glycine and plays a vital role in the overall metabolism of the body. It helps the body to adapt to any stressful environment out of the comfort zone. Production of DMG in the body leads to the east recovery of muscle and improve endurance in athletes. It is beneficial in dietary supplements and used in foods and beverages. Moreover, GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter and present in many food supplements such as shellfish, tomato and many more. The metabolic and regulatory flexibility of GSH is exceptional. GSH / GSS

References

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How to cite this article

Kaur, A., Kaur, G., Kumar, R., Bansal, A., Saruchi, Dhanjal, D.S., Singh, R. and Chopra, C. (2021). Nutritional Supplementary Role of Non-Standard Amino Acids and Amino Acid Derivatives. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 13(1): 542-548.