Microbial Biomineralization: Creating Wealth from Waste

Author: Ayush Aggarwal, Ishneet Kaur, Vaneet Kaur, Jasmeen Kaur, Mayank Tyagi, Daljeet Singh Dhanjal, Reena Singh and Chirag Chopra

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Abstract

Biomineralization is the formation of inorganic substances by microbes. Microorganisms can initiate and even control the mineralisation process through its various mechanisms. Biomineralization plays a vital role in building construction and its preservation. Concrete is a significant material used in constructing buildings, and E. coli, a bacterial species, increase the concrete strength by repairing the cracks that appear within it over time. Citrobacter sp., a bacteria, help remove toxic wastes from the environment via bioaccumulation. Bacillus spharecius decomposes urea for the formation of carbonate ions. These carbonate ions bind to calcium ions to form calcium carbonate (CaCO3), a mineral that serves many purposes, such as building construction, cement, and many more. Concrete is one of the most used materials globally for building construction. Biomineralization and self-repairing in concrete can address the problem of deterioration within it. Microbial induction in cement by

Keywords

Biomineralization, Bacteria, Self-healing, Concrete, Environment friendly.

Conclusion

As we have discussed earlier that concrete is the most-used construction development material, and it pinpoints the fact that any damage and failure within a structure's design not only compromise its lifetime but also imposes a risk to infrastructure industries which will either directly or indirectly affect the developmental processes of urbanisation and industrialisation and these both platforms play a crucial role in determining the economic status of any country. So, to reduce the negative impacts of failed infrastructures, we need to adopt processes that will boost the Infrastructure industry, and self-healing concrete tends to have great potential to overcome this threat. Sporosarcina pasteuri with lightweight aggregate as a carrier can help induce biomineralization and strengthen the mortar structures. In this review paper, it's is mentioned that E. coli didn't contribute anything in strength, durability improvement but other microbes such as Bacillus mucilaginous, Bacillus sph

References

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How to cite this article

Aggarwal, A., Kaur, I., Kaur, V., Kaur, J., Tyagi, M., Dhanjal, D.S., Singh, R. and Chopra, C. (2021). Microbial Biomineralization: Creating Wealth from Waste. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 13(1): 554-566.