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Recent Advances in Perception of Crop Heterosis: A Review

Author: Deshraj Gurjar, Chethan Swamy Emmadishetty and Raghu Nandan Singh Khatana

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Abstract

Heterosis or Hybrid Vigour is defined as the natural phenomenon in which the resulting F1 Hybrid is genetically superior to its parental inbred lines and have phenotypically and genotypically improved characteristics or traits. This phenomenon is most important in many crops using F1 hybrid cultivars. In this the progeny produced from crossing of various different cultivars have Increased biomass, higher grain yield, and better growth and development rate than their parental lines and this has been in use for production of agricultural crops for many years. Heterosis is the morphological and genetical superiority of offspring’s in F1 cross over the parental population. The heterosis is very useful in hybrid development and help the plant breeders to utilize the hybrid vigour of both parental germplasm in a more precisely and efficient manner through exploitation of the heterosis and increase the outcomes of hybrid breeding program. The development of many hybrids has been done by the

Keywords

Heterosis; Maize; Genome Sequence; QTL; Epigenetics

Conclusion

The plant breeders have done noble achievements and the heterosis also has a significant role in these achievements for about 90 years. Even though, due to an increase in population and climate changes in world have created check for food surplus and the chances for increasing food supply is being deployed day by day. But in the past decades the molecular level understanding of heterosis is not clear but in recent years it has been studied through genome sequencing, gene expression in parental inbreds and hybrids and study of metabolic pathways in hybrids helped out to understand molecular mechanism of heterosis.

References

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How to cite this article

Gurjar, D., Emmadishetty, C.S. and Khatana, R.N.S. (2021). Recent Advances in Perception of Crop Heterosis: A Review. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 13(3): 506-512.