Field Screening of Chilli Leaf Spot caused by Alternaria alternata and the effect of Weather Parameters on the Development of the Disease

Author: Shailja Goswami and Shubham Mishra

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Abstract

Chilli is well known for its multipurpose functions and good nutritive value to the World. Several fungal, bacterial and viral diseases render chilli production at stake. In this present investigation, the screening of the most known disease of chilli that is its leaf spot caused by Alternaria alternata was done in and around Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh to calculate its per cent disease incidence in the given regions. Because the chilli crop is one of India's most stable spice crops and is plagued by pathogens, primarily fungi, adequate management is required. During the survey done in and around Jabalpur, the percent disease incidence ranged from 20% to 40%, according to the studies. Following the screening, the fungus pathogen was identified by isolating it and developing its pathogenicity test in both in vivo and in vitro conditions. The following were the findings: The pathogen generates white, cottony colonies with profusely expanding aerial mycelium that eventually turns grey, according to the cultural features. On the PDA medium, old civilizations have recognizable concentric rings. Conidiophores, which are olivaceous to brown in colour and simple to branching, are produced by the fungal pathogen. Conidia were produced in chains with transverse and longitudinal septa. The pathogenicity test shows that the symptoms start appearing from the older leaves and Alternaria readily produces symptoms on the inoculated leaves as small, circular necrotic spots having concentric rings in the centre of the spots. Analyzing illness development with meteorological factors revealed that disease development begins at temperatures ranging from 25°C to 35°C, with the most visible impacts at 28°C, and relative humidity also plays a vital role in disease development ranging from 70% to 90%. The observed disease incidence ranged from 2.50 percent to 12.67 percent.

Keywords

Alternaria alternata ,Chilli leaf spot, Disease incidence , Screening, , Survey, Weather parameter

Conclusion

According to the cultural traits, the pathogen forms white, cottony colonies with profusely developing aerial mycelium that eventually turns grey. Old civilizations had distinct concentric rings on the PDA medium. Conidiophores, which are olivaceous to brown in color and simple to branching, are produced by the fungal pathogen. Conidia were generated in chains with transverse and longitudinal septa. The pathogenicity test reveals that symptoms occur on older leaves first, and Alternaria rapidly produces symptoms on infected leaves as small, circular necrotic spots with concentric rings in the centre of the spots. Analyzing illness development with climatic conditions indicated that disease development begins at temperatures ranging from 25°C to 35°C, with the most evident consequences at 28°C, and relative humidity also plays a role. Using meteorological elements to analyze illness development indicated that disease development begins at temperatures ranging from 25°C to 35°C, with the most evident consequences at 28°C, and relative humidity also plays a crucial part in disease development ranging from 70% to 90%. The observed illness incidence ranged between 2.50 and 12.67 percent.

References

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How to cite this article

Shailja Goswami and Shubham Mishra (2022). Field Screening of Chilli Leaf Spot caused by Alternaria alternata and the Effect of Weather Parameters on the Development of the Disease. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 14(3): 40-46.