Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits

Author: G. Prakash, G.K. Halesh and B. Fakrudin

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Abstract

Organizing germplasm into various heterotic groups is a crucial aspect for utilizing the benefits of heterosis in hybrid plant breeding. So, the heterosis and combining ability were studied in 48 crosses which were developed using 8 lines and 6 testers as parents. The analysis of variance were significant for all the traits in 48 cross combinations obtained. All the traits studied exhibited the significant difference in mean performance among the parents except fruit diameter, number of seeds and fruit yield. The ratio of GCA and SCA variances indicated the preponderance of non-additive gene effect for inheritance of all the traits. Based on heterosis, OK-2017-010 × Pusa Sawani, OK-2017-010 × Parbhani Kranthi, OK-2017-012 × Parbhani Kranthi crosses were found to be best for fruit yield. Parents IC-69304, VRO-5, OK-2017-010, Pusa Sawani, Parbhani Kranthi and Arka Anamika showed good general combining ability. The estimates of SCA effects revealed that the cross EC-169459 × Parbhani Kranthi, OK-2017-010 × Arka Anamika and OK-2017-012 × Varsha Uphar most promising for fruit yield and other related traits.

Keywords

Okra, Heterosis, Combining ability, Yield

Conclusion

Line × tester analysis revealed that analysis of variance due to parents and hybrids showed significant difference for most of the traits indicating the presence of sufficient variation in genetic material. Based on the magnitude of relative heterosis, heterobeltosis and standard heterosis values significance for number of traits, the hybrids, OK-2017-010 x Pusa Sawani, OK-2017-010 x Parbhani Kranthi, OK-2017-012 × Parbhani Kranthi, OK- 2017-010 × Pusa- A4, EC-169459 × Pusa- A4, 21-10-1 × Kashi pragathi and OK-2017-006 × Varsha Uphar should be considered for increase yield through selection. According to combining ability IC-69304, VRO-5, OK-2017-010, OK - 2017-006, Pusa Sawani, Pusa-A4, Arka Anamika and Varsha Uphar parents performed better for most of the traits and could be used for developing desirable okra hybrids.Among hybrids EC-169459 × Parbhani Kranthi, OK-2017-010 × Varsha Uphar, OK-2017-010 × Arka Anamika and OK-2017-012 × Varsha Uphar revealed significant positive SCA effects indicating good specific combining ability for number of fruits per plant, yield per plant and yield per hectare. These hybrids could be exploited through heterosis breeding and may also give transgressive segregants in subsequent generations. Therefore, it would be worthwhile to use them for improvement in fruit yield.

References

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How to cite this article

G. Prakash, G.K. Halesh and B. Fakrudin (2023). Heterosis and Combining Ability Studies in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(1): 206-211.