Sero-prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Foot and Mouth Disease in Western Uttar Pradesh

Author: Afroz, Amit Kumar Verma, Amit Kumar, Surendra Upadhyay, Arbind Singh, Rajat Singh and T.K. Sarkar

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Abstract

In India, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is considered as endemic and causes significant financial losses to the dairy sector. To effectively control the disease, there is requirement of sero-monitoring and risk factors associated with the occurrence of the disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted from January, 2021 to April, 2022 to estimate the seroprevalence of antibodies against r3AB3 non-structural protein of FMDV and the associated risk factors of the disease in western parts of Uttar Pradesh. A total of 130 sera samples from cattle and buffaloes from 06 districts of western Uttar Pradesh were collected and analyzed using indirect r3AB3 non-structural protein-ELISA kit, developed by Directorate on FMD, IVRI, Mukteshwar, India. For random bovine samples examined by the DIVA-ELISA assay, the apparent prevalence of anti-3AB3 antibodies was found to be 35.38%. Using logistic regression analysis, the effects of the many potential risk variables that were thought to influence the likelihood of FMD were calculated. In western Uttar Pradesh, sex was the risk factor that was most closely linked with FMD sero-positivity (OR = 3.4038; p = 0.041). The present study result confirms that FMD virus is circulating in the animals and the disease is highly prevalent in the study area. Hence, the regional concerned bodies should take attention on the implementation of National Animal Disease Control Programme.

Keywords

Bovines, ELISA, FMD, non structural protein, seropositivity, seroprevalence

Conclusion

In the present study, using 3AB3 DIVA-ELISA, out of 130 sera samples, 46 (35.38%) was found positive indicating the circulation of the FMDV in the study area. On analysis of various risk factors, sex wise seroprevalence of FMD was significantly higher (P<0.05) in females (40.38 percent) than in males. The endemicity of FMD in western Uttar Pradesh has been confirmed and established by current study.

References

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How to cite this article

Afroz, Amit Kumar Verma, Amit Kumar, Surendra Upadhyay, Arbind Singh, Rajat Singh and T.K. Sarkar (2023). Sero-prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Foot and Mouth Disease in Western Uttar Pradesh. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(1): 448-454.