Assessment of Genotypic Variability, Heritability and Genetic advance for Growh, Yield and Quality Related Traits in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Genotypes

Author: Revati Bannatti, Vijayakumar Rathod, Vilas D. Gasti, Shashikanth Evoor, Rekha Bheemappa Chittapur and Shivayogi Y. Ryavalad

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Abstract

Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) is an important nutritious vegetable crop belonging to the genera momordica with diploid chromosome number 2n=22 and is cultivated for immature tuberculate fruits which containing a unique bitter taste. The characteristic bitter taste is due to the presence of ‘momordicine’ chemical. Genetic variability is a pre requisite for a plant breeder to develop a high yielding with good quality variety. It is important because it helps to maintain the health of population by including alleles that may be valuable in resisting diseases and nutraceutical values. The present investigation was undertaken to compute the genotypic variability, heritability and genetic advance for growth and yield parameters among fifty genotypes of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). In a randomized block design with two replications during kharif 2022 at KRCCH, Arabhavi. Analysis of variance exhibited maximal significant differences among the genotypes were observed for all the traits under study. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits. High (> 20 %) genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient variation (PCV) were observed for number of primary branches per plant, vine length, node number at which first female flower appearance, fruit length, L:D ratio, sex ratio, ascorbic acid, average fruit weight, fruit yield per vine, fruit yield per hectare, beta carotene. It indicated the existence of broad genetic base, which would be amenable for further selection. High heritability (> 60 %) coupled with high genetic advance as per cent over mean (> 20 %) were recorded for the characters such as, number of primary branches per plant, days to first male flowering, node number at which first male flower opening, sex ratio, node number at which first female flower opening, vine length, fruit yield per vine, fruit length, average fruit weight, ascorbic acid, fruit yield per hectare, beta carotene and exocarp thickness this due to the prevalence of additive gene action. Hence, there is a huge scope for improving these traits through direct selection.

Keywords

Bitter gourd genotypes, heritability, variability, genetic advance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation

Conclusion

Analysis of variance exhibited that, enough amount of significant differences present among the fifty bitter gourd germplasms with respect to the different types of traits viz., number of primary branches per plant, vine length (m), days to first male and female flowering, sex ratio, node number at which first male flower appearance, days to 50 per cent flowering, fruit diameter (cm), average fruit weight (g), node number at which first female flower appearance, L:D ratio, number of fruits per vine, fruit yield per vine (kg), fruit length (cm), fruit yield per hectare (kg/ha), ascorbic acid (mg/100g), β-carotene content (mg/100g), tuberculates and fruit exocarp (mm). This represented that, ample amount of variation present among the bitter gourd genotypes.

References

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How to cite this article

Revati Bannatti, Vijayakumar Rathod, Vilas D. Gasti, Shashikanth Evoor, Rekha Bheemappa Chittapur and Shivayogi Y. Ryavalad (2023). Assessment of Genotypic Variability, Heritability and Genetic advance for Growh, Yield and Quality Related Traits in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Genotypes. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(1): 493-498.