Infraspecific variations and Molecular characterization by using ISSR Markers in Curcuma Species

Author: Mangesh Dagawal and Prabha Bhogaonkar

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Abstract

The genus Curcuma is one of the largest genera in the family Zingiberaceae comprising 120 species. Forty species are recorded from India, 8 species from Maharashtra and 4 species of Curcuma are reported from Melghat Forests Dist Amravati. Of these, Curcuma inodora Blatt., Curcuma pseudomontana J. Graham and Curcuma decipiens Dalzell are wild, while Curcuma longa L. is cultivated. C. inodora is widely distributed throughout Maharashtra and is very common in the Melghat Forests. Population of C. inodora display tremendous variations in aerial and underground parts. Major variations found are shape of root tubers, length of leaf stalk, position of spike, length of spike, shape, size and colour of bracts. Infraspecific variations are recently attracting attention of taxonomists. Creation of infraspecific variations is the main origin and storage of speciation and genetic divergence among populations of a species. Twelve variants of C. inodora and one accession each of C. longa and C. pseudomontana were collected for the present study. C. decipiens very rare could not be collected. Genetic fingerprints of Curcuma longa, Curcuma pseudomontana and twelve variants of Curcuma inodora were developed using ISSR marker for genetic diversity analysis and relatedness among the species and within the species. Five Inter simple sequence repeat primers produced 305 bands out of which 299 were polymorphic bands. Dendrogram was constructed using MEGA software based on UPGMA. Cluster analysis on the basis of dendrogram placed 12 variants of Curcuma inodora and two species in two clusters and twelve variants of one cluster subdivided into four subcluster, indicating the relatedness and also the genetic distance pointing out clear polymorphism within the species.

Keywords

Infraspecific variations; MEGA; Inter Simple Sequence Repeat; Cluster analysis; Curcuma longa L; Curcuma inodora Blatt.; Curcuma pseudomontana J. Graham

Conclusion

ISSR Primers produced almost 100% polymorphism attributing to genetic variability. Varied ecological niches and geographical conditions are expected to produce variations. However, the populations of C. inodora studied here grow in the same geographical and ecological niche, and still show great variations not only at morphological (Dagawal and Bhogaonkar 2019) but also at molecular level. This indicates the adaptive and evolutionary potential of C. inodora species.

References

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How to cite this article

Mangesh Dagawal and Prabha Bhogaonkar (2023). Infraspecific variations and Molecular characterization by using ISSR Markers in Curcuma Species. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(2): 623-630.