Polyphenol Compounds and their Benefits of Mangifera indica L. (Var. Kottukonam) Grow in varied Seasons and Altitude

Author: Shalaj Rasheed, Raveendran P.B. and Lubaina Abdulhadeef Shereefa

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Abstract

Secondary metabolites are bioactive chemical compounds that play a key role in defense and adaptation mechanisms, widely distributed in all parts of plants. Among them carbon-based metabolites such as polyphenols and tannins have greater ecological and economic importance. The major challenge of the present study was to fractionate and quantify the polyphenol composition through HPLC and LC- MS/MS analysis from the leaves of Mangifera indica L. (var. kottukonam) collected from three altitudes in four different seasons. The results of the study revealed great variation in the type and concentration of polyphenols with respect to the season and altitude. Pre-reproductive winter and reproductive summer seasons showed higher concentration of polyphenols than south west and north east monsoon seasons, coastal Vizhinjam sample revealed higher concentration of such antioxidant phytochemicals than the other altitude samples. Among different polyphenols Gallic acid concentration is highest in almost all the samples. More stressed conditions resulted to the production of more polyphenols in kottukonam variety of mango.

Keywords

HPLC, LC-MS/MS, Mangifera indica, Kottukonam, Polyphenols, Gallic acid

Conclusion

Efforts have been made in the identification, isolation and quantification of bioactive phytochemicals in the last few decades because of their immense therapeutical effects to human life. The results of the study disclosed the presence of an array of phytochemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, terpenoids and alkaloids in Mangifera indica L. (var. kottukonam). The major phytochemicals, polyphenols especially phenols and flavonoids showed noticeable level in all the twelve samples of Mangifera indica L. (var. kottukonam) and are identified through their specific quantitative assay methods. The LC-MS/MS and HPLC analysis of the methanol leaf extracts of the study material in four seasons from three altitudes against the standard polyphenols confirmed the presence of different phenolic compounds having antioxidant property and these results would serve as a benchmark for future comparative studies in the biochemical changes Mangifera indica L. (var. kottukonam) during flowering (reproductive stage) and non-flowering seasons. The quantitative analysis of the actual phenolic compounds present in the samples from summer, south west monsoon, north east monsoon and winter seasons would be facilitated by means of comparison with standard chromatogram, empowering identification and confirmation of polyphenols. The results of the study recommends that more stressed conditions were overcome by the tree by producing different polyphenols (antioxidant phytochemicals) which also will resulted to the flowering and fruiting.

References

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How to cite this article

Shalaj Rasheed, Raveendran P.B. and Lubaina Abdulhadeef Shereefa (2023). Polyphenol Compounds and their Benefits of Mangifera indica L. (Var. Kottukonam) Grow in varied Seasons and Altitude. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(2): 784-795.