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Ionic Regulation and Gill Na+/k+ -ATPase Activities in Freshwater Fish Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella during Glyphosate Toxic Exposure

Author: R. Divya, A. Jude Jebri Raj and M. Prabu

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Abstract

The Impact of Glyphosate on grass carp gill Na+/K+-ATPase interaction and electrolyte concentration (Na+, K+ and Cl-). The effects of glyphosate on grass carp electrolyte concentrations (Na+, K+, and Cl-) even gills Na+/K+-ATPase activity were studied using Ctenopharyngodon idella. It was found that glyphosate, with a 24-hour LC50 of 1.36 ppm for grass carp, had adverse effects on gill Na+/K+-ATPase function and led to hyponatremia, hypokalaemia, also hypo chloremia upon acute exposure. 35 days of sublethal exposure to 1.36 ppm of glyphosate resulted in a reduction in plasma Na+ level during the absorption period and blood plasma K+ content up to day 28, while plasma Cl- levels also dropped. With increasing exposure time, gills Na+/K+-ATPase activity was found to decrease. The studies indicated that glyphosate is extremely hazardous to freshwater fish, and changes in blood ion levels and gill Na+/K+-ATPase action could be utilized as responsive glyphosate indicators and its effects.

Keywords

Grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Glyphosate, Acute and Sublethal toxicity, Electrolytes

Conclusion

The findings of the study indicate the Na+/K+-ATPase enzyme acts as critical involvement in the regulation of branchial ion transportation and the preservation of osmotic and ionic cellular metabolism in freshwater fish. The toxicant-induced repression of this enzyme action can have consequences for the preservation of the balance of ions and osmolality and the level of this metabolite can be utilized to detect impact on fish ionic and osmoregulation. Hence, employing less persistent glyphosate, developing herbicides with specific targets, and implementing molecular regulation measures it may reduce in hazard to humans and other living things.

References

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How to cite this article

R. Divya, A. Jude Jebri Raj and M. Prabu (2023). Ionic Regulation and Gill Na+/k+ -ATPase Activities in Freshwater Fish Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella during Glyphosate Toxic Exposure. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(2): 1031-1037.